Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya ...

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pseudozanguebariaeZanzibar (Muyuni) TZ 6.37 39.47 Micrococca scariosa VU PZanzibar Island-East Coast TZ 6.17 39.33 10000 + +Zanzibar Island-South Coast TZ 6.17 39.33 4000 + +**Taxonomic Group: M=mammal, B=bird, A=amphibian, G=gastropod, P=plant.119
An Overview of CEPF’s Portfolio in the Eastern Arc Mountains and CoastalForests of Tanzania and KenyaThe Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya hold a greatconcentration of endemic plant and vertebrate species per unit area, juxtaposed with asevere degree of threat. Combined, these factors mean this region is likely to suffersome of the most plant and vertebrate extinctions for a given loss of habitat. Theremaining forests are irreplaceable in every sense of the word.The region straddles two ecoregions, which have distinct composition as detailed below.A more comprehensive biological description is contained in the ecosystem profile.Previously classified as a biodiversity hotspot itself, the Eastern Arc Mountains andCoastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya region now lies within two new hotspots—theEastern Afromontane Hotspot and the Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa Hotspot—identified as part of a global hotspots reappraisal released in 2005. CEPF investmentcontinues to focus strictly on the geographic area comprising the original hotspot.Biodiversity in The Eastern Arc MountainsFrom the Taita Hills in southern Kenya extending south to the Udzungwa Mountains inTanzania, this chain of ancient mountains are famous as the center of endemism of theAfrican violet (Saintpaulia spp.).Almost 40 percent of the approximately 2,000 vascular plants found here are endemic.They are located in almost all of the types of altitudinal forests, as well as in interveninghabitats such as rocky outcrops, heathland, montane grasslands, and wetlands. Ofthose studied, non-vascular plants also show significant endemism. Predictably, there isa direct correlation between the area of forest blocks and species richness.Faunal endemism is also extremely high for reptiles, amphibians and especiallyinvertebrates. There are also several endemic birds and mammals, such as theCritically Endangered Tana River red colobus found only along the Tana River in Kenya.Recent research has also revealed new species of mammals within the Eastern Arc thatare likely to be endemic or near endemic.The vulnerability of several species is compounded as they have extremely limiteddistributions. The Kihansi spray toad, described in 1998, was known from an area ofless than 1 square kilometer within the spray zone of a large waterfall on the Kihansiriver but is now presumed to be extinct as a result of a hydropower facility that alteredthe river flow and destroyed the spray zone followed by an outbreak of the infectiouschytrid fungus.1
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Eastern Arc Mountainsand Coastal Fo
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CEPF FACT SHEETEastern Arc Mountain
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ECOSYSTEM PROFILEEASTERN ARC MOUNTA
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CONTENTSINTRODUCTION...............
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BACKGROUNDInternational interest in
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In terms of plant biogeography, the
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Mountains are all taken from Newmar
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The degree of faunal endemism in th
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The largest of the Kenyan forest re
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percent) of the Kenyan coastal fore
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corridor outcomes are being defined
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nine globally threatened species an
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Table 3. Numbers of sites with Crit
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Figure 1 (continued)*Site # Site Na
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Government Institutional Framework
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Nongovernmental OrganizationsEast A
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4. Support the government policy of
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Box 1 National Forest Policy goal a
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(d) Forestry Based Industries and P
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Other coastal mineral resources of
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The major social trend in both coun
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Table 3. Major threats in the Easte
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Commercial Timber ExtractionThere h
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Ranking of Threats in TanzaniaBecau
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• Decision-makers inadequately in
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long-term funding and institutional
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years due to a lack of funding. Oth
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GEF-UNDP or GTZ support, as did the
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During the group and plenary discus
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concentrate on synergistic and dire
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2. Restore and increase connectivit
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compiling lists of species and asse
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CEPF will support efforts to raise
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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE TEXTACCAW
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REFERENCESAxelrod, D.I. & P.H. Rave
Page 71 and 72: Kesley, M. G. & T. E. S. Langton. 1
Page 73 and 74: patterns, diversity and endemism. B
Page 75 and 76: Taphozous hildegardeae + x xBirds 3
Page 77 and 78: Baphia macrocalyx +Baphia pauloi +B
Page 79 and 80: Kotschya platyphylla +Kraussia spec
Page 81 and 82: Sibangea pleioneura +Sorindeia cala
Page 83 and 84: Kaya Jibana KE 1 7 8 8Kaya Rabai KE
Page 85 and 86: Pangani (Hale-Makinjumbe) TZ 1 1 1P
Page 87 and 88: Buxus obtusifolia VU PCroton jatrop
Page 89 and 90: Kraussia speciosa VU PMkilua fragra
Page 91 and 92: Mesogyne insignis VU PMildbraedia c
Page 93 and 94: Synsepalumsubverticillatum VU PTare
Page 95 and 96: Kaya Muhaka KE 4.33 39.53Vitellario
Page 97 and 98: Anthus sokokensis EN BAoranthe pend
Page 99 and 100: Gigasiphon macrosiphon EN PGuibourt
Page 101 and 102: Coffeapseudozanguebariae VU PRhynch
Page 103 and 104: Nguru Mountains TZ 6.09 37.51 32908
Page 105 and 106: (Pande game reserve, DondweFR)Coffe
Page 107 and 108: Tarenna drummondii VU PTessmannia d
Page 109 and 110: Shimoni Forests KE 4.65 39.38Paraxe
Page 111 and 112: magnistipulataMacaranga conglomerat
Page 113 and 114: Canthium siebenlistii VU PCephaloph
Page 115 and 116: longipedunculatumDiospyros amaniens
Page 117 and 118: (Uluguru North FR, UluguruSouth FR,
Page 119 and 120: Scolecomorphus vittatus VU ASuregad
Page 121: Neohemsleyausambarensis VU POcotea
Page 125 and 126: them. Government, local community a
Page 127 and 128: 5. Develop and support efforts for
Page 129 and 130: Reviewers look at:• the relevance
Page 131 and 132: Box 1: Udzungwa Mountains National
Page 133 and 134: established in the region and elsew
Page 136: Eastern Arc Mountains Portfolio Pro
Page 139 and 140: CEPF Investment Coordination and Su
Page 141 and 142: Conservation Ecology of the Endange
Page 143 and 144: Stakeholders Identify Priorities fo
Page 145 and 146: Tanzania Seizes 157 Containers of T
Page 147 and 148: CEPF Set for Expansionhttp://www.ce
Page 150 and 151: Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal F
Page 152 and 153: T H E A R C J O U R N A L I S S U E
Page 154 and 155: Kenya Times Newspaperfile://D:\East
Page 156 and 157: La Tanzanie et le Kenya reçoivent
Page 158: The Dominion: Tiomin Given Final Ap
Page 161 and 162: The Dominion: Tiomin Given Final Ap
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