Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya ...

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Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and KenyaThe East Africanhttp://www.nationmedia.com/eastafrican/20072004/Opinion/Opinion2.htmlOpinionMonday, July 5, 2004New Fund Will Help Communities to Conserve Plant, AnimalSpeciesRecently, a number of organisations jointly established the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund(CEPF), which is expected to address the rising threat to wildlife species in the Eastern ArcMountains and the Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya. Special Correspondent JOHNMBARIA talked to the Fund's communications director BOBBIE JO KELSOWhat does CEPF do?The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund provides funding and technical assistance to nongovernmentalorganisations, community groups and other civil society partners to help safeguardthe earth’s biologically richest, yet most threatened, areas. It is a joint initiative of ConservationInternational of the US, the Global Environment Facility, the government of Japan, the John D.and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank.How Important is the East African biodiversity hotspot?The Eastern Arc Mountains and the Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya have at least 1,500species of plants and 50 species of reptiles which are not found anywhere else on earth. Otherwildlife unique to this area include 21 species of African violet, the Zanzibar red colobus monkey,the Rondo galago and the Aders’ duiker.The hotspot stretches 900 km along the East African coast – from the Kenya-Somalia border inthe north, to the Tanzania-Mozambique border in the south. In Tanzania, the hotspot stretchesinland to include the Pare, Usambara, Nguru, Rubeho, Uluguru and Udzungwa Mountains, aswell as forests throughout the coastal zone such as Ruvu South, Pande and the lowlandUsambaras. It also includes the islands of Zanzibar. Water flowing from the Eastern Arc forestsgenerate 90 per cent of Tanzania’s hydro-electric power. The forests are also the source of waterfor major cities, including Dar es Salaam, Tanga and Morogoro.In Kenya, the Taita Hills, the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, the Tana River forests and the Shimba Hillsas well as the many "kayas" or sacred forests are part of the hotspot.There is a growing appreciation that poverty is the biggest contributor to biodiversitydegradation in Africa. By putting the civil society at the heart of your project, aren't youcreating another elitist project that will alienate the poor, who draw sustenance from thehotspot?No, the project will not alienate the poor people living on biological resources. These people arepart and parcel of the civil society who we will seek to involve and not to alienate. The way thatCEPF makes its investments is designed to involve and support people in conservation effortsand in ways that build their capacity to sustain the specific projects.
Recently, we held a community consultative meeting with 50 community-based organisations inMombasa and plan to hold others in Morogoro, Dar es Salaam and Tanga soon. By holding themeetings, we hope to reach out to community members in order to better explain our strategy andto start developing ideas on how they can get support for projects that will help conserve naturalresources.What kind of commercial opportunities do you plan to exploit once the project takes off?One of our partners is the International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), whichis able to offer expertise on commercial insects (apiculture, sericulture and butterfly farming),natural product development (as with Mondia tonic and Naturub in Kakamega) and in ecoagriculturaltechnologies that increase productivity and enhance biodiversity such as biologicalcontrol of pests.How will the project's finances be spent?The $7 million investment for the hotspot is approved by the CEPF donor council, which includesrepresentatives from each of the five CEPF donor institutions. The total investment of $7 millionwill be distributed across the ecosystem profile's five specific strategic directions that also includerelated investment priorities.The exact way in which the funds will be spent will depend on the applications that we receivefrom the civil society, including the community-based organisations. The total budget to beinvested in the projects will depend on what initiatives civil society organisations request fundingfor.How will the Fund focus on the important linkages between people and conservation?The purpose of CEPF is to engage civil society, such as non-governmental organisations andcommunity-based organisations in conservation efforts. Recognising the inextricable link betweenbiodiversity conservation and economic prosperity, CEPF focuses on developing countries withinbiodiversity hotspots and supports initiatives that contribute to poverty alleviation. People are atthe heart of the CEPF approach.The entire approach is centred on the people. However, one of the strategic directions isspecifically designed to increase the ability of local populations to benefit from and contribute tobiodiversity conservation. Under this direction, the investment priorities include, for example,promoting nature-based, sustainable businesses that benefit local populations in the hotspot suchas beekeeping, tourism and butterfly farming.These activities have a track record of sustainability beyond the end of donor funding. Forexample, a community-based butterfly farming project at Arabuko-Sokoke Forest started in 1993is still going strong in 2004, having been financially self-sustaining since 1998. An initialinvestment of $50,000 in this project from the GEF Small Grants Programme has since generatedover $600,000 in export revenues and leveraged over $700,000 in co-financing.
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Eastern Arc Mountainsand Coastal Fo
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CEPF FACT SHEETEastern Arc Mountain
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ECOSYSTEM PROFILEEASTERN ARC MOUNTA
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CONTENTSINTRODUCTION...............
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BACKGROUNDInternational interest in
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In terms of plant biogeography, the
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Mountains are all taken from Newmar
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The degree of faunal endemism in th
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The largest of the Kenyan forest re
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percent) of the Kenyan coastal fore
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corridor outcomes are being defined
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nine globally threatened species an
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Table 3. Numbers of sites with Crit
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Figure 1 (continued)*Site # Site Na
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Government Institutional Framework
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Nongovernmental OrganizationsEast A
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4. Support the government policy of
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Box 1 National Forest Policy goal a
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(d) Forestry Based Industries and P
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Other coastal mineral resources of
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The major social trend in both coun
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Table 3. Major threats in the Easte
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Commercial Timber ExtractionThere h
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Ranking of Threats in TanzaniaBecau
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• Decision-makers inadequately in
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long-term funding and institutional
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years due to a lack of funding. Oth
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GEF-UNDP or GTZ support, as did the
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During the group and plenary discus
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concentrate on synergistic and dire
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2. Restore and increase connectivit
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compiling lists of species and asse
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CEPF will support efforts to raise
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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE TEXTACCAW
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REFERENCESAxelrod, D.I. & P.H. Rave
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Kesley, M. G. & T. E. S. Langton. 1
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patterns, diversity and endemism. B
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Taphozous hildegardeae + x xBirds 3
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Baphia macrocalyx +Baphia pauloi +B
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Kotschya platyphylla +Kraussia spec
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Sibangea pleioneura +Sorindeia cala
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Kaya Jibana KE 1 7 8 8Kaya Rabai KE
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Pangani (Hale-Makinjumbe) TZ 1 1 1P
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Buxus obtusifolia VU PCroton jatrop
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Kraussia speciosa VU PMkilua fragra
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Mesogyne insignis VU PMildbraedia c
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Synsepalumsubverticillatum VU PTare
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Kaya Muhaka KE 4.33 39.53Vitellario
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Anthus sokokensis EN BAoranthe pend
Page 99 and 100: Gigasiphon macrosiphon EN PGuibourt
Page 101 and 102: Coffeapseudozanguebariae VU PRhynch
Page 103 and 104: Nguru Mountains TZ 6.09 37.51 32908
Page 105 and 106: (Pande game reserve, DondweFR)Coffe
Page 107 and 108: Tarenna drummondii VU PTessmannia d
Page 109 and 110: Shimoni Forests KE 4.65 39.38Paraxe
Page 111 and 112: magnistipulataMacaranga conglomerat
Page 113 and 114: Canthium siebenlistii VU PCephaloph
Page 115 and 116: longipedunculatumDiospyros amaniens
Page 117 and 118: (Uluguru North FR, UluguruSouth FR,
Page 119 and 120: Scolecomorphus vittatus VU ASuregad
Page 121 and 122: Neohemsleyausambarensis VU POcotea
Page 123 and 124: An Overview of CEPF’s Portfolio i
Page 125 and 126: them. Government, local community a
Page 127 and 128: 5. Develop and support efforts for
Page 129 and 130: Reviewers look at:• the relevance
Page 131 and 132: Box 1: Udzungwa Mountains National
Page 133 and 134: established in the region and elsew
Page 136: Eastern Arc Mountains Portfolio Pro
Page 139 and 140: CEPF Investment Coordination and Su
Page 141 and 142: Conservation Ecology of the Endange
Page 143 and 144: Stakeholders Identify Priorities fo
Page 145 and 146: Tanzania Seizes 157 Containers of T
Page 147 and 148: CEPF Set for Expansionhttp://www.ce
Page 152 and 153: T H E A R C J O U R N A L I S S U E
Page 154 and 155: Kenya Times Newspaperfile://D:\East
Page 156 and 157: La Tanzanie et le Kenya reçoivent
Page 158: The Dominion: Tiomin Given Final Ap
Page 161 and 162: The Dominion: Tiomin Given Final Ap
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