Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya ...

Coastal Forest MosaicWithin the Coastal Forest Mosaic, about $4 million per annum is spent currently on conservationor related development activities, or about 30 percent of that used in the Eastern Arc portion.Conversely to the Eastern Arc, no multilateral funding comes to the coastal forests. Theallocation of funding from NGOs appears as the largest single source of funds for these forests,although in actuality most of this funding comes from bilateral donors to the NGOs. Hence thebilateral donors are probably the largest single source of funding for this part of the hotspot.Government funding for implementation is small in the coastal forests, as it is in the Eastern ArcMountains. Most government funding is allocated to salary support and little remains forinvestment in conservation activities on the ground. Private investment for conservation in thecoastal forests is also small, although hard to quantify.Types of Project InterventionsThe major categories of project intervention were examined against eight possible groupingsranging from research through to capacity building. Overall there is a fairly even spread ofinterventions, with no one category appearing markedly more preferred amongst the existingprojects. In the Eastern Arc Mountains, research (mainly biodiversity) was the most commonlyreported activity and, as the data ignored the activities of visiting university scientists, this is anunderestimate of the effort put into research. In the coastal forests the highest-ranking activitywas livelihood enhancement, which also ranks highly in the Eastern Arc – reflecting the focus ofdevelopment agencies that fund much of the conservation work in these areas on povertyalleviation. Interventions such as direct conservation payments, purchase of land forconservation or a focus on corridors had zero scores as there were none of these kinds ofinterventions in the area.Numbers of IBAs with Project InterventionsThe number of IBA sites that have been the attention of conservation projects during the pastfive years gives an indication of the spread of conservation effort.TanzaniaAcross the range of organizations undertaking different kinds of projects in the hotspot, theGovernment Forestry Division has the widest coverage, as it manages the forest reserves thatcomprise the bulk of the IBA sites. After the Forestry Department, the research program ofFrontier Tanzania (collaboration between the Society for Environmental Exploration and theUniversity of Dar es Salaam) has worked in the most IBA sites. This is followed by the bilateralagency NORAD (Norwegian aid) and the World Bank (starting activities at the current time). Ofthe NGOs, the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group and WWF Tanzania have undertaken themost projects in the hotspot. When combined, the NGO sector had undertaken the largest numberof projects at IBA sites in Tanzania, followed by the Tanzanian government, the bilateral donorsand the multilateral donors.KenyaIn Kenya a number of different agencies undertake conservation projects in the IBA sites.According to the information provided, the Kenyan Forest Department and the NationalMuseums of Kenya have covered the largest number of sites during the past five years. WWF-EARPO also used to support several forest sites, but their activities are much reduced in recent49