A systematic review of injury/illness prevention and loss control ...

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dealt solely with regulatory compliance or fitness for duty were excluded.Surgical interventions among workers with work-related injuries or illnesseswere also excluded.Medical surveillance and screening programs often overlap with IPCs. Thestudies relevant to the review questions were believed to include medicalsurveillance or screening components. Surveillance/screening studies werehandled on a case-by-case basis to determine if IPCs were being evaluated.Surveillance/screening studies that did not link their testing to an IPC or IPCmeasurement tool’s effect on injuries/illnesses or workers’ compensationoutcomes were excluded.Injury/illness outcomesThe primary outcomes were clinical diagnoses of employees, injury/illnessesrates, workers’ compensation claims (rates, duration or costs) or employeeinjury/illness self-reports. Studies that reported near-misses and accidentreporting as sole outcomes were excluded. The focus of this review was onemployee injury/illnesses, and not on accident reporting. Accidents andinjuries are not interchangeable terms. Accidents refer to damage toequipment or facilities, while injuries refer to physical harm incurred bypeople. Workers' compensation and reports required by regulation (i.e.OSHA logs) were included despite the validity and reliability vulnerabilitiesof these data sources because this information was relevant to stakeholders.Injury/illness outcomes were expected to be more directly related tooccupational injury/illness prevention programs, while workers’compensation outcomes were expected to be more related to loss control.Work setting and workersWorkplaces were limited to those locations that employed adults (18 years orolder). Workplaces/workers that were not included in the review wereagricultural workers, migrant workers, tele-workers, home offices/workers,military installations, commercial fishing and workplaces that employed onlythose 17 years old and younger. The workplaces were excluded as the teambelieved these sites were unique and difficult to generalize to otherworkplaces. Laboratory studies were also excluded.Figure 1 depicts the focus of the review in regards to interventions andoutcomes.8 Institute for Work & Health
Figure 1: IPC frameworkInput(to workplaces)Research/InformationRegulatory RequirementsManagement SystemsOutputPolicies Practices ProgramsOutcomesInjuries Illnesses Workers Comp. Claims2.1 Stakeholder input (prior to search)Stakeholders representing industry, unions and regulatory agencies wereinvited to provide feedback on the review. The purpose was to solicit input onthe following topics: the review questions, search terms, information thatstakeholders would use to make decisions in the workplace, and qualityassessment processes to evaluate the literature.Two stakeholder meetings were held, one at the Institute for Work & Health(IWH) in Toronto, Ontario and the other at the School of Public Health,University of Texas in Houston, Texas. Meetings were held in two locationsto ensure the review was relevant to a diverse group of stakeholders.A systematic review of injury/illness prevention and loss controlprograms (IPCs)9
Page 1 and 2: A systematic review of injury/illne
Page 3 and 4: Table of ContentsForeword ………
Page 5 and 6: ForewordIn recent years, the Instit
Page 7 and 8: employers with valuable information
Page 9: forward. In 1970, the Occupational
Page 13 and 14: publish the results of the review i
Page 15 and 16: A key part of the literature would
Page 17 and 18: 2.4 Level 2 - Quality AssessmentIn
Page 19 and 20: allowed us to insure the answers pr
Page 21 and 22: Table 4: Best evidence synthesis gu
Page 23 and 24: Figure 3: Flowchart of systematic r
Page 25 and 26: • Return-to-work/disability manag
Page 27 and 28: etween groups, but only 32% adjuste
Page 29 and 30: Workstationadjustment andtrainingRo
Page 31 and 32: focused on just RTW (Durand et al.
Page 33 and 34: ExerciseThree medium quality studie
Page 35 and 36: compensation and medical bills is m
Page 37 and 38: interventions provide an insufficie
Page 39 and 40: Researchers and practitioners also
Page 41 and 42: 5.0 MessagesBefore making recommend
Page 43 and 44: 1) Of the articles that remained af
Page 45 and 46: 11) Agency for Healthcare Research
Page 47 and 48: Carayon P, Haims MC, Hoonakker PLT,
Page 49 and 50: workers: Randomized controlled work
Page 51 and 52: Nelson NA, Silverstein BA. Workplac
Page 53 and 54: pain in sedentary office workers -
Page 55 and 56: Appendix A: Content expertsNameBarb
Page 57 and 58: Appendix C: Stakeholder search term
Page 59 and 60: Appendix D - Literature search term
Page 61 and 62:
A systematic review of injury and i
Page 63 and 64:
Zohar DZohar D,Modifying Supervisor
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Level 1 Guide for ReviewersThe guid
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Appendix G: Quality Appraisal Revie
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Q4. Were time-based comparisons use
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If there are no major significant d
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Q17. Was the calendar duration of t
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a) YesBaseline differences were obs
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5. List the jurisdiction where the
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have intended to prevent both “as
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Sample SizeEg: C 1 , C 2 , …(or I
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29. If injury rates were calculated
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38. Describe for each injury/illnes
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Appendix J: Quality assessment tabl
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StudyTime-Based ComparisonsRandom A
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Appendix K: Intervention descriptio
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InterventionCategoryErgonomictraini
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InterventionCategoryBricklayingmeth
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InterventionCategoryTraining &equip
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Appendix L: Study description*key t
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InterventioncategoryPrograms(regula
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InterventioncategoryWorkstationadju
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InterventioncategoryErgonomictraini
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InterventioncategoryAuthor, Year QA
Page 109:
InterventioncategoryWorkstationadju
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