A decade later - Fundação Luso-Americana

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RUI OChÔA foreign policy – an era that can be summarized in two words and an acronym: GWOT (Global War on Terrorism), Afghanistan, and Iraq.” On the subject of the Iraq conflict, Gaspar affirmed, “the Iraq invasion sparked the worst crisis in NATO history, and the hardships of the Atlantic Alliance’s mission in Afghanistan exacerbated tensions among the allies in the following years.” Gen. Loureiro dos Santos dealt basically with the progress of the two wars that followed 9/11, mentioning the “remarkable” military strategies designed by the Bush administration in both Mid- East theatres of war. The invasion of Afghanistan, where Al-Qaeda was hiding out, was an immediate response to the attacks and was sanctioned by the UN and NATO, which for the first time “declared that article 5 of the Organization’s founding treaty – the Washington Treaty – was applicable to this situation.” One of the main observations of François Lafond of the German Marshall Fund dealt with how resilient democracies are, and how hard it is for “democracies to find the right solutions to terrorism while still acting democratically.” This of course begs the question of how you “react to people who are using undemocratic tools if you wish to continue acting in democratic fashion.” 16 9/11 A decade later “making dialogue, reflection, and logical thought prevail over irrationality and violence,” was how maria de Lurdes rodrigues (second from the right) characterized the event. FLAd’s president is flanked by American journalist Walter dean on the left and portuguese journalist Adelino Gomes on the right. on the left is sara pina, coordinator of the conference series. civiLiZATions, ideoLoGies And reLiGions The next conference dealt with how religion and fundamentalist ideology tie in with the genesis of the 9/11 attacks. Rev. Kevin Madigan, the Catholic pastor of St. Peter’s Church near Ground Zero; António Dias Farinha, professor of Arab and Islamic Studies; and Esther Mucznik, vice-president of the Jewish Community of Lisbon also discussed how religious belief affects political issues and the role faith plays in Western societies and in the Arab and Islamic world. Father António Rego, who chaired the conference, adverted the audience to the fact that “Ten years after September 11 th , the crushing heft of images and emotions still weigh heavily on us,” which is why “it is still hard to make sense of the event and reflect serenely on the role civilization, ideology, and religion play.” Kevin Madigan observed that the attack on the Twin Towers for the terrorists “was not just an attack on a symbol of American power, but also the smashing of a false idol, this blasphemous representation of a Mecca of commerce.” In a first-hand account of the events of September 11 th , 2001, Father Madigan related that after the initial shockwave that reverberated through the streets, he and others started “looking for the wounded and the dying in order to be of some assistance.” ‘ it is hard for democracies to find the right solutions to terrorism while still acting democratically. This of course begs the question of how you react to people who are using undemocratic tools if you wish to continue acting in democratic fashion. ’ François Lafond, German Marshall Fund António Dias Farinha pointed out that 9/11 demands “an analysis of Al-Qaeda ideology and a deeper understanding of the precepts that earned it widespread acceptance in so many different places and countries, and that led it to plan a number of attacks.” He also cautioned that it is essential that we do not overgeneralize the Arab world, thinking of it as one huge breeding ground for radical fundamentalists with a penchant for carrying out atrocities like the one perpetrated by bin Laden’s followers. Esther Mucznik believes that “ the Muslim world has been 9/11’s and bin Laden’s main victim,” because “the terrorism has also dramatically eroded the image of the Muslim world, causing it to become the frequent target of fear and rejection.” in THe puBLic opinion And in THe mediA The last conference of the series included talks by Abderrahim Foukara, bureau chief at Al Jazeera in Washington; Wally Dean from the Committee of Concerned Journalists; and reporter and professor Adelino Gomes, all of whom discussed the impact 9/11 had on public opinion. FLAD President Maria de Lurdes Rodrigues chaired the session, reiterating the Foundation’s hope that the con- Parallel no. 6 | FALL | WINTER 2011
RUI OChÔA ference series on the September 11 th attacks had contributed to “making dialogue, reflection and logical thought prevail over irrationality and violence.” Abderrahim Foukara hit a sensitive chord when he said he was not sure if he agreed with the frequently stated claim “that the 9/11 attacks have changed the world irrevocably,” seeing that “many of the world’s problems remain the same; that’s if they haven’t gotten even worse.” Wally Dean stated that.“Journalism has changed dramatically in the last decade (…) But the change, I believe, is due to other, much stronger forces, and would have occurred whether the attacks of 9/11 had happened or not.” Adelino Gomes gave an overview of the extensive 9/11 media coverage in Portugal. The daily paper Público kept 9/11 on its front page from September 12 to December 30, while the weekly news magazine visão “put it on the cover week after week – for three straight months – 14 weeks.” The daily 9/11 A decade later paper Correio da Manhã “came out with a special 16-page special color edition right on the 11 th . Even the sports paper record contained an editorial pointing out the need for a “more just world where wealth might be distributed better” so that “despair” could be avoided. TV coverage was so intense that Portuguese National TV “prolonged its lunchtime news program to such an extent that it lasted until the 7 p.m. news – 7 hours, 59 minutes and 52 seconds.” *Undergraduate senior in the Communications Sciences Program at the Universidade Nova and FLAD communications intern ‘ Al-qaeda and september 11th were engendered in a weird cultural brew, cooked up in kitchens where the ever-present ingredient was antiisraeli haranguing: the only real ingredient binding the tentative stew that unifies the Arab world. ’ seixas da costa, Ambassador during the talk “september 11 th : is the World Any different?” in the first row, the first two audience members are Ambassador António monteiro and Literary Guild president José macedo e cunha. 9/11 Ten years Later – The Book The talks given during the lecture series will soon come out in a book printed by Almedina publishers. here is a preview of the contents: 9/11 Ten yeArs LATer: is THe WorLd Any diFFerenT? • Mário Mesquita Fundamentalist Archaism and Technological Modernity • Allan J. Katz A Different World • Francisco Seixas da Costa September 11th in Contemporary History THe WAr AGAinsT Terrorism • Mitchell Cohen The War on Terror • Nuno Severiano Teixeira Transnational Terrorism AFGHAnisTAn And irAq • Carlos Gaspar Ten Years Later • José Loureiro dos Santos The United States and the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq • François Lafond Democracy and Terrorism civiLiZATions, ideoLoGies, And reLiGions • António Rego Common Strains in the Search for the Transcendent • António Dias Farinha The Modern Political Development of Islam • Esther Mucznik 9/11 and the “Clash of Civilizations” • Kevin Madigan A Voice from the Street 9/11 in THe puBLic opinion And in THe mediA • Maria de Lurdes Rodrigues Making Dialogue Prevail • Abderrahim Foukara Believing in the Existence of a Common Civilizational Heritage • Adelino Gomes September 11th Revisited • Walter C. Dean Did 9/11 Change American Journalism? Parallel no. 6 | FALL | WINTER 2011 17
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