Ethno-Racial Inequality in the City of Toronto: An Analysis of the ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table of ContentsExecutive Summary......................................................................................................................... iAcknowledgements........................................................................................................................ ivIntroduction......................................................................................................................................1Methodological Notes..............................................................................................................31. Defining Ethno-Racial Groups and their Demographic Characteristics.....................................5Defining Ethno-Racial Groups from the 1996 Census ............................................................5Comparison to the Question used in the 1991 Census...........................................................10The Ethno-Racial Composition of Toronto ...........................................................................11The Age Distributions of Ethno-Racial Groups ...................................................................17Immigration and Ethnicity .....................................................................................................25Ability to Speak English .......................................................................................................27Languages Spoken at home ...................................................................................................322. Education ..................................................................................................................................35Educational Attainment of Adults .........................................................................................41Enrollment in Full-Time Education for 20-24 Year Olds......................................................44Adult Education and Schooling of Young People .................................................................503. Employment..............................................................................................................................52Unemployment, Labour Force Participation, and Part- versus Full-Time Work ..................52Earnings, Occupations and Self-Employment .......................................................................614. Poverty and Individual and Family Income..............................................................................85Introduction to the Tables......................................................................................................87Poverty and Income ...............................................................................................................97Home Ownership .................................................................................................................1165. Conclusion: Single and Multi-Dimensional Disadvantage.....................................................119Comparison to 1991.............................................................................................................123Further Research ..................................................................................................................128Ethno-Racial Inequality in Toronto: Analysis of the 1996 Censusv
Index of Tables and ChartsTable 1 Ethno-Racial Groups in Toronto, by Size and Age.......................................................12Table 2 Percentage and Number of Immigrants and Year of Arrival in Canada by ..................22Ethno-Racial GroupTable 3 Knowledge of English and Language Spoken at Home by Ethno-Racial.....................28GroupTable 4 Highest Level of Education, for Persons 25-64 Years of Age, by Ethno- ....................36Racial GroupChart 1 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Fewest High School Graduates ....................................39Chart 2 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Fewest University Graduates........................................40Table 5 School Attendance and Educational Attainment for Persons Age 20-24......................46by Ethno-Racial GroupChart 3 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Most Young Non-High School Graduates ...................49Out of SchoolTable 6 Labour Force Characteristics by Ethno-Racial Group ..................................................54Chart 4 Ethno-Racial Groups with High Youth Unemployment ...............................................57Chart 5 Ethno-Racial Groups with High Adult (Age 25-64) Unemployment ...........................58Table 7 Income from Employment by Ethno-Racial Group ......................................................62Table 8a Occupations of Women by Ethno-Racial Group...........................................................66Table 8b Occupations of Men by Ethno-Racial Group................................................................69Chart 6 Ethno-Racial Groups with High Proportions of Women in Low Skill Jobs .................72Chart 7 Ethno-Racial Groups with High Proportions of Men in Low Skill Jobs ......................73Table 9 Incidence of Self Employment and Amount of Income from Self- ..............................76Employment Income by Ethno-Racial GroupTable 10 Incidence of Poverty for Families by Ethno-Racial Group...........................................88Chart 8 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Most Poor Families ......................................................91Table 11 Incidence of Child Poverty by Family Type by Ethno-Racial Group...........................92Chart 9 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Highest Rates of Child Poverty ....................................95Table 12 Incidence of Poverty of Non-Family Persons by Ethno-Racial Group.......................100Table 13 Median Family Income by Ethno-Racial Group .........................................................104Chart 10 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Lowest Median Family Income..................................107Table 14 Median Individual Incomes of Non-Family Persons by Ethno-Racial .......................108GroupChart 11 Ethno-Racial Groups with the Lowest Median Income for Non-Family Persons ......111Table 15 Home Ownership of Couples and Lone Parents by Ethno-Racial Group ...................118Summary Table for Different Dimensions of Disadvantage in 1996 ..........................................124Summary Table for Different Dimensions of Disadvantage in 1991 ..........................................128Ethno-Racial Inequality in Toronto: Analysis of the 1996 Censusvi
Page 6 and 7: origin, South Asians, Arab and West
Page 10 and 11: IntroductionThis Report provides de
Page 12 and 13: Methodological NotesThis Report pro
Page 14 and 15: Chapter 1Defining Ethno-Racial Grou
Page 16 and 17: question, described above. The “C
Page 18 and 19: “Barbadians.” Likewise, people
Page 20 and 21: acial identification question, redu
Page 22 and 23: Table 1, continuedEthno-Racial Grou
Page 24 and 25: percentage of a group has the need.
Page 26 and 27: ARAB AND WEST ASIAN ORIGINSApproxim
Page 28 and 29: EUROPEAN ORIGIN GROUPS TEND TO BE O
Page 30 and 31: The key question involves the numbe
Page 32 and 33: Table 2, continuedPercentage and Nu
Page 34 and 35: A second policy concern involves th
Page 36 and 37: NON-NATIONAL, “RACIAL” AND MULT
Page 38 and 39: Table 3, continuedKnowledge of Engl
Page 40 and 41: majority of people speak English. T
Page 42 and 43: Fully 96.1 percent of Torontonians
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 2EducationIf educational cr
Page 46 and 47: Table 4, continuedHighest Level of
Page 48 and 49: Ethno-Racial Inequality in Toronto:
Page 50 and 51: Educational Attainment of AdultsAbo
Page 52 and 53: EUROPEAN ORIGINAmong Europeans, edu
Page 54 and 55: GROUPS WITH HIGHER PROPORTIONS OF N
Page 56 and 57: Table 5, continuedSchool Attendance
Page 58 and 59:
Ethno-Racial Inequality in Toronto:
Page 60 and 61:
Of most concern are the small numbe
Page 62 and 63:
Not counted as unemployed are “di
Page 64 and 65:
Table 6, continuedLabour Force Char
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
percent for the African, Black and
Page 70 and 71:
LATIN AMERICAN ORIGINSThe two Latin
Page 72 and 73:
Table 7, continuedIncome from Emplo
Page 74 and 75:
efore coming to Canada likely refle
Page 76 and 77:
Table 8a, continuedOccupations of W
Page 78 and 79:
Table 8bOccupations of Men by Ethno
Page 80 and 81:
Table 8b, continuedOccupations of M
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
eing an employee; just 3.2 percent
Page 86 and 87:
Table 9, continuedIncidence of Self
Page 88 and 89:
AFRICAN, BLACK AND CARIBBEAN ORIGIN
Page 90 and 91:
esult in similar levels of income.
Page 92 and 93:
Among the individual ethno-racial g
Page 94 and 95:
Chapter 4Poverty and Individual and
Page 96 and 97:
Introduction to the TablesThe first
Page 98 and 99:
Table 10, continuedIncidence of Pov
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Table 11, continuedIncidence of Chi
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
types of families are not an intuit
Page 108 and 109:
children and 12.8 percent of Arab/W
Page 110 and 111:
Table 12, continuedIncidence of Pov
Page 112 and 113:
Southeast Asians and Pacific Island
Page 114 and 115:
Table 13, continuedMedian Family In
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Table 14, continuedMedian Individua
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
SOUTH ASIAN ORIGINSWhile just over
Page 124 and 125:
LATIN AMERICAN ORIGINSDue to statis
Page 126 and 127:
There are remarkable ethno-racial d
Page 128 and 129:
Table 15, continuedHome Ownership o
Page 130 and 131:
percent of Italian families own the
Page 132 and 133:
The most severe disadvantage affect
Page 134 and 135:
Men in Lower SkillJobs(Table 8b/Cha
Page 136 and 137:
which included all other African na
Page 138 and 139:
In Lower Skill Non-Manual Occupatio
Page 140 and 141:
skilled non-manual occupations in 1
Page 142:
segregation, the effects of unequal
show all

Ethno-Racial Inequality in the City of Toronto: An Analysis of the ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?