PRACTICING PRECAUTION and ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT ...

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Table 3. Stock Status Report for Haddock – 2003, Pros and Cons by Text HeadingHeading Reported Text - Pros ConsThe FisheryIndustryPerspectiveReported Landing:The proportion of catches from 4Xn and 4Xpincreased.Mean Weights at age:The age 5 and younger weights at age is veryhigh similar to 1970s.Abundance has been good throughout the stockarea.This fishing year is progressingmore slowly than the last year.Proportion of small (
OutlookIndicators of Abundance:Indicate that value for 2003 is near the highlevels observed (similar to late 1970s).Indicators of Recruitment:1998 yearclass is the strongest, 1999 is verystrong, 2000 above average and 2001 belowaverage.Indicators of Distribution:Fish at lengths that approximate the spawningstock are near the widest area occupied.The area occupied by fish at lengths thatapproximate recruits has decreased but stillabove the long term average and local density ishigh.Indicators of Mortality: Low.estimation of populationabundance. Strong yearclassesmay be overestimated by afactor 2.Indicators of Production:Are at or near the lowest levelsobserved (However, showssigns of stability).II.C.2b. 4X5Y Cod in 2003The 2003 SSR for cod contained a number of anomalies. In particular, it was decided that therewould be no VPA analysis in this year (in spite of the fact that data were available similar to thatused to carry out the 2003 haddock VPA that was completed) and, there was no scientificanalysis or references to the stock targets required for the continuation of the commercial fisheryat the end of the 3-year plan. These anomalies made it difficult to analyse and compare the stockstatus from the previous year with the current subjective view of the stock. The SSR for cod in2003 concluded that:“Overall biomass has not increased since 1999, when the quota was reduced to 6,000t topromote recovery; therefore an increase in quota above 6000t is not supported.” (DFO 2003a,p.8)For details of the SSR on cod in 2003, see also below Table 4 - Stock Status Report for Cod –2003, Pros and Cons by Text Heading.The FRCC report on this stock in 2003 was generally critical of the loss of information inthe cod SSR and its lack of reference to the stock targets from the 3-year plan. (In the 3-year planestablished in 1999 for 2000-2003, the Minister stated that a key element was the establishmentof a rebuilding objective of the spawning stock biomass of 40,000t by 2003. The announcementof the plan also stated that should the target not be met, reductions in catch or complete closureof the fishery would be implemented in subsequent years, FRCC 2003a). The FRCC felt that thesubjective view of the stock provided in the SSR (without the usual VPA estimates) permittedthe continuation of the status quo without the backing of usual scientific data and analysis, andDan E. Lane – Setting TACs in the 4X5Y Cod and Haddock Fisheries D-112
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PRACTICING PRECAUTION and ADAPTIVE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPracticing Precauti
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A- EXECUTIVE SUMMARYINTRODUCTIONWit
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This study must be considered as an
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The regulatory scheme does not expl
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increased the TAC. However, for cod
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B - INTRODUCTION: UNCERTAINTY, PREC
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mechanisms of participation, such a
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Some causes of uncertainty are more
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The distinction between principle a
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estimates serve as a notional bench
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1 As Jonathan Wiener emphasizes, re
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C- RESEARCH METHODOLOGYEVALUATING I
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questionnaire: for each concept, th
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D-2
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Nathalie Chalifour & Yves Prévost
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III.B.4. Principe 4.4 Il devrait y
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Le Canada a aussi des obligations e
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En septembre 2001, le gouvernement
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données de l’ACIA. Le Service ca
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II.B. Les NIMP 2 et les ARP’s de
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L’AF se qualifie comme OQ, car l
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II.C. Les règlements additionnels
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II.C.1e. Règlement sur l’indemni
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II.C.2d. Règlement sur l’indemni
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défi est donc de savoir quand s’
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III.B.3. Principe 4.3 L’applicati
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arrivent aux ports canadiens tous l
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VI. ANNEXE I. ABRÉVIATIONSACIAAgen
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29 Kai N. Lee, « Appraising Adapti
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D-34
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Jennifer A. Chandler - The Regulati
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Jennifer A. Chandler - The Regulati
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As a result, a new plant is exempt
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decision-maker “shall” refuse t
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the intermediate situation, proof o
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data and relevant scientific inform
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The PBO has already anticipated the
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As noted earlier, the environmental
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Biosafety Office (PBO). The plants
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In the judgment of the Expert Panel
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espect to the test data submitted a
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40 These are (1) the potential of t
Page 87 and 88: 93 Ibid.94 Directive 94-08, supra n
Page 89 and 90: C. Scott Findlay & Annik Déziel -
Page 91 and 92: C. Scott Findlay & Annik Déziel -
Page 93 and 94: III. A BRIEF HISTORY OF PESTICIDE R
Page 95 and 96: into account its conditions or prop
Page 97 and 98: manner representative of the route,
Page 99 and 100: Precisely how the various uncertain
Page 101 and 102: In the past, special reviews have b
Page 103 and 104: VIII.C. Is PMRA practicing precauti
Page 105 and 106: From these considerations, the mini
Page 107 and 108: effects of decisions are systematic
Page 109 and 110: eported. Note furthermore that this
Page 111 and 112: Pest Management Regulatory Agency (
Page 113 and 114: Dan E. Lane - Setting TACs in the 4
Page 115 and 116: LIST OF TABLESTable 1. Stock Status
Page 117 and 118: Environment). As it expanded, Canad
Page 119 and 120: 3) FRCC prepare TAC recommendations
Page 121 and 122: 4) The Minister’s Final DecisionB
Page 123 and 124: 7) Outlook - highlights of the abun
Page 125 and 126: ultimate authority for all access a
Page 127 and 128: II. CASE STUDYII.A. Setting TACs in
Page 129 and 130: Scotian Shelf. Approximately 50% of
Page 131 and 132: The prognoses of the stocks for 200
Page 133 and 134: F0.1, used as the benchmark rate, m
Page 135 and 136: Sources ofUncertaintyAge Structure:
Page 137: Sources ofUncertaintyPrincipal sour
Page 141 and 142: ManagementConsiderationsEcosystemCo
Page 143 and 144: constructed on the basis of the wei
Page 145 and 146: expected growth in the stock, and t
Page 147 and 148: IV. RECOMMENDATIONSIV.A. Case study
Page 149 and 150: V. REFERENCESCanada 2005. A Framewo
Page 151 and 152: Hutchings, J.A. 1996. Spatial and t
Page 153 and 154: VI. APPENDIX AStock Status Report D
Page 155 and 156: VII. Appendix B2002 and 2003 Docume
Page 157 and 158: Sources of UncertaintyOutlookSPA -
Page 159 and 160: E- COMMENTARY AND ANALYSIS OF RESEA
Page 161 and 162: COMMENTARY AND ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH
Page 163 and 164: TABLE OF CONTENTSI. PRACTICING PREC
Page 165 and 166: I. PRACTICING PRECAUTION - EXPLORAT
Page 167 and 168: Table 3: Questions with missing dat
Page 169 and 170: Figure 1. The raw data from the que
Page 171 and 172: Figure 4. S(n) versus n for Part II
Page 173 and 174: I.F.2. Approach #2 (dimension reduc
Page 175 and 176: Data reduction to 2 variablesII_220
Page 177 and 178: I_1210-1-21pest 2fish 3gmo 4frstcas
Page 179 and 180: II. PRACTICING PRECAUTION EXPLORATO
Page 181 and 182: II.C. GoalsThe goal of this examina
Page 183 and 184: Figures 16, 17, and 18 do not contr
Page 185 and 186: Conclusions & Summary F-2
Page 187 and 188: Conclusions & Summary F-4
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one government department to anothe
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involves the scrutiny of procedural
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can assess the risks inherent in a
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entrenched in the treaties and legi
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III. REFORM POSSIBILITIESFactoring
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ased decision-making. Finally, thes
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The answers will depend on context,
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ased on the administrative principl
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decisions must maintain the adminis
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Potential Future WorkAmong the many
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On the South Australia Environment,
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G - APPENDICES:i. Document Question
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Practicing PrecautionTo which case
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10) The following is a list of "pre
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15) There are many different source
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• Decisions are treated as scient
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Revised February 25, 2005PRACTICING
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II.1. Does the legislation constitu
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III.2.a Does the legislation contai
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III.8.i “endangered”III.8.j “
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III.13.a Uncertainty about effects
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IV.5.g Monitoring is conducted by t
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V.7.Do decision-makers have access
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iii. WORKSHOP SUMMARY“Precaution,
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science, to Type I and Type II erro
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iv. WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTSMARCH 8 th
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NATHALIE DES ROSIERS613-562-5902nat
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Mike WilsonDirector, Strategic Issu
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