VOLUME 1 HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND ... - CSIR

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GUIDELINES FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND DESIGNintention of the figures to suggest that they should beconsidered independently. Studies on the impact oftraffic volume and speed management measures haveshown that speed reduction on particular links almostinevitably leads to volume reduction as well. The use ofroadway closures and diverters which restrict throughtrafficare therefore not regarded as mutually exclusivefrom the use of measures that reduce speed (e.g. tables,pinch points and chicanes), and vice versa.It should also be noted that in all the differentconfigurations represented in Figures 5.1.8 and 5.1.9, acontinuous footway and pathway network with 18pedestrian entrance/exit points is maintained. Thepathways are also all relatively short and straight, andsurrounding properties overlook them. The publictransport route is direct, and pedestrian access to thepublic transport stop is unhindered. In the case ofroadway systems, the minimum spacing between T-intersections involving minor arterials andservice/collector routes is ± 100 m, the minimum spacingbetween T-intersections involving collector and localaccess routes is ± 25 m, and the minimum spacingbetween cross-intersections involving collector and localaccess routes is ± 50 m.Soft open spaceGUIDELINES ON THE CONTEXTUALFACTORS THAT INFORM THECONFIGURATION OF A PARTICULARMOVEMENT NETWORKAn analysis of the pattern and mix of existing andanticipated land-use activity surrounding theparticular site, as well as the pattern and mix of higherorder land-use development that is to be encouragedwithin the site, will indicate spatial patterns ofmovement demand (known as “desire lines”) across,into and from the site. In order to identify movementdemanddesire lines, it may be useful to establish amap which indicates possible future patterns ofmovement demand (both motorised and nonmotorised)between existing and anticipated areas ofland-use activity. This desire-line map essentiallyconsists of bands which represent the majormovement flows between appropriately scaled zones -delimited on the basis of a simple grid, or on the basisof clusters of dominant land-use activity. Thebeginning and end points of the band indicate theorigin zone and the destination zone, and the width ofthe band indicates the relative magnitude of theanticipated movement demand. Such movementdesire-line maps can be prepared for different times ofthe day or week, in order to indicate temporalfluctuations in movement demand. An indication ofthe nature of these patterns of movement demand canbe used to inform• the need for, and alignment of, higher ordermovement routes across the site; andHardopen spaceApproximate scale:Hardopen space0 100 200 300mFigure 5.1.7: Hypothetical example of a multidirectionalpublic right-of-way networkThe exact configuration of a multidirectionalmovement network is dependent on context-specificfactors like topography, the distribution of trafficgeneratingactivities in surrounding areas, carownershiplevels, and the modal split of thepopulation on the site as well as the surroundingpopulation - these contextual factors are discussed inthe following section.• the need for, and alignment of public transportconnections across the site.An analysis of the pattern and mix of existing andanticipated land use within the site, the demographicand income profile of the existing and “target”population on the site, as well as the biophysicalfeatures of the site, will indicate, inter alia, land-accessrequirements, the nature of movement demands, andtopographical constraints on network configuration.In the case of in-situ upgrade projects, the existingpattern of informal movement channels will be amajor internal informant of movement-networkconfiguration. An indication of these requirementsand constraints can be used to inform• the modes of movement that will need to receivepriority in the configuration of the network;• local economic development considerations in theconfiguration of the movement network;• the land-access requirements associated with thepattern of land subdivision;• place-making considerations in networkconfiguration; andMovement networks Chapter 5.17
GUIDELINES FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND DESIGN'Open' footway/pathway systemsProgressively 'closed' roadway systems withmeasures to manage traffic volume(a)(d)High traffic volume scenario Medium traffic volume scenario Low traffic volume scenario(b)(c)18 entrance/exit points18 entrance/exit points18 entrance/exit points(e)(f)10 entrance/exit points39 T vs. 13 cross intersections9 entrance/exit points34 T vs. 12 cross intersections5 entrance/exit points38 vs. 12 cross intersectionsLegend:minor arterialservice and collector routeslocal access routevehicular entrance/exit pointfootwaypathwaypedestrian entrance/exit pointpedestrian crossing facilitypublic transport stopFigure 5.1.8: Possible configurations of foot/pathway and roadway systems within a public right-of-way networkthat respond to different traffic volume situations8Chapter 5.1Movement networks
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G u i d e l i n e s f o rHUMAN SETT
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IndexVolume 1Volume 2Chapter 1Chapt
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Chapter 5.5Public facilities5.5
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Chapter 5.7Public utilities5.7
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Chapter 5.8.2Ecologically sound urb
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VOLUME 1 HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND ... - CSIR

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