Lebanon Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment - UNEP

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LEBANONPOST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTCountry contextIntroductionLebanon’s mountainous terrain, proximity to thesea and strategic location were decisive factors inshaping its history. In recent years, the country’svaried geographical features – which include alpineregions, coastal plains and fertile plateaus – itstemperate climate, as well as its archeological andcultural wealth, have combined to attract a rapidlygrowing number of tourists. The impact of theJuly-August 2006 conflict on the country’s naturalresources was therefore of particular concern to theLebanese and international community alike.This chapter presents a brief overview of Lebanon’sgeography, climate, land cover, ecology andeconomy. The information is drawn from existingsources and is intended to provide a contextualframework for UNEP’s assessment work, ratherthan represent an exhaustive study of Lebanon’snatural and economic environment.GeographyLebanon, officially the Lebanese Republic, is asmall, largely mountainous country located onthe eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It isbordered by Syria to the north and east, and byIsrael to the south.A fuel tank burns at Rafik Hariri International Airport in Beirut, 14 July 2006© AP PHOTO – HUSSEIN MALLA14 • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme •
COUNTRY CONTEXTMap 1.Lebanon – Regional mapUkraine 34°EMoldovaRomania36°NBulgariaTurkeyRussiaGeorgiaArmenia35°E 36°ETURKEY37°E 38°EAssad36°NGreeceCyprusSyriaIraqIranEgyptIsraelKuwaitSaudi ArabiaCYPRUS34°NBeirutLEBANONDamascusSYRIA33°N33°N35°N35°NS e at e rM e d ir a ne a n34°NISRAELTiberias32°NWESTBANKRamallahJerusalemAmmanJORDAN32°NGAZA STRIPDead SeaNational capitalInternational boundaryKilometres0 30 31°N60 90 35°E120 150Lambert Levant Conformal Conic ProjectionThe boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.37°ELakesSources: GIST, Vmap0, SDATL,ESRI, SRTM.• United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme •15
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Solid and HazardousWasteA fleet of
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COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTUNEP
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Main Findings andRecommendationsBad
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