Lebanon Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment - UNEP

More documents

Recommendations

Info

LEBANONPOST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTwastewater, suggesting that a surface hydrocarbon leakcontaminating the wastewater had migrated to theunderlying aquifer. The EPH detected were mediumto heavy hydrocarbon compounds (C10-C40), mostlikely diesel fuel, which are known for their persistenceand long-lasting environmental impacts. Nickel andselenium exceeded environmental screening valuesbut were significantly below intervention levels. Zinc,however, was measured at an elevated concentration(1173 μg/litre) in one of the groundwater samples,significantly above the intervention threshold.Waste managementThe extensive destruction of the Transmed sitegenerated a significant amount of solid waste to bedisposed of, much of which is hazardous in nature.Disposal should include but not necessarily belimited to the following:demolition waste, composed primarily of steel beams,aluminium sheeting and concrete rubble;crates and containers of household cleaningproducts such as detergents and soaps;large quantities of burnt lead acid batteries; anda few vehicle wrecks found on site.RecommendationsUrgent short-term measures(0 – 3 months)1. The clean-up of the Tansmed site should becompleted with minimum delay to minimizethe general risk of pollutants being flushed intothe groundwater through heavy rainfall.2. Demolition material should be removed fromthe site and disposed of, although it is likelythat the steel beams and aluminium sheets willhave sufficient value to make recycling and reuseviable within local markets.3. The burnt and damaged batteries should beremoved from the site, and disposed of. Again,it is possible that some components of thebatteries, such as the lead, may be attractive forthe local recycling market.4. The thick layer of ash in the basement shouldbe collected, preferably in re-sealable drums anddisposed of in a sanitary landfill site. Care shouldbe taken when handling this product, as theprimary constituent, calcium oxide, is an irritantfor skin and eyes. Appropriate health and safetyequipment, including gloves, boots, overalls andbreathing masks must be issued and used.5. The potential to recycle the metal from thederelict vehicles should be explored. If this isnot a viable option, the vehicle shells should beremoved from the site and taken to a sanitarylandfill for disposal.6. EPH levels are elevated in both the groundwatersamples and the wastewater sample, suggestingthat a surface hydrocarbon leak has resulted incontamination of the wastewater and migrationto the underlying aquifer. The source of theelevated hydrocarbon readings should befurther investigated, the extent and magnitudeof contamination determined and correctiveaction taken to prevent further migration fromthe source.<strong>UNEP</strong> expert collects smear samples close to the point of impact of a ‘bunker buster’ bomb60 • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme •
INDUSTRIAL AND URBAN CONTAMINATIONThe interior of the damaged Transmed facility• United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme • United Nations Environment Programme •61
Page 1:
LebanonPost-Conflict Environmental
Page 6 and 7:
LEBANONPOST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTAL
Page 8:
IntroductionFrench navy experts on
Page 11 and 12: INTRODUCTIONUNEP expert assessing d
Page 14 and 15: LEBANONPOST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTAL
Page 24: EnvironmentalAssessmentUNEP expert
Page 27 and 28: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTMap 4.Sites
Page 29 and 30: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT the Europe
Page 31 and 32: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTStage 2:Dam
Page 33 and 34: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTstructures
Page 35 and 36: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTSolid and h
Page 37 and 38: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTWeapons use
Page 39 and 40: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTOyster and
Page 98: Solid and HazardousWasteA fleet of
Page 101 and 102: SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTEMap 7.Samp
Page 103 and 104: SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTEvectors, i
Page 105 and 106: SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTEThe Khiam
Page 107 and 108: SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTEThe primar
Page 109 and 110: SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTEThe dump s
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130:
Coastal and MarineEnvironmentVolunt
Page 133 and 134:
Wadi Abu ZebleCOASTAL AND MARINE EN
Page 135 and 136:
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTMap 1
Page 137 and 138:
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTThe c
Page 139 and 140:
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTTable
Page 141 and 142:
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTMarin
Page 143 and 144:
COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTUNEP
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160:
Main Findings andRecommendationsBad
Page 163 and 164:
MAIN FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSRe
Page 165 and 166:
MAIN FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSbe
Page 167:
MAIN FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSsp
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 183 and 184:
Further informationCopies of this r
show all

Lebanon Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment - UNEP

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?