Neurology Edited by Professor Emeritus Desire' Dubounet, IMUNE

SubjectiveVerbalization of:Change in lifestyleFear or rejection or of reaction by othersFocus on past strength, function, or appearanceNegative feelings about bodyFeelings of helplessness, hopelessness, or powerlessnessRefusal to verify actual changePreoccupation with change or lossEmphasis on remaining strengths heightened achievementDepersonalization of part or loss by impersonal pronounsExtension of body boundary to incorporate environment objectsPersonalization of part or loss by nameObjectiveMissing body partNot looking at body partTrauma to nonfunctioning partChange in ability to estimate spatial relationship of body to environmentActual change in stucture and/or functionNot touching body partHiding or overexposing body part (intentional or unintentional)Change in social involvementDegree of independent nursing therapy (this may be related to etiology):Biophysical: low degree of nursing independencePsychosocial: medium to high degree of nursing independenceCognitive perceptual: high degree of nursing independenceCultural spiritual: medium to high degree of nursing independenceIt may be possible to identify high-risk populations, such as those with following conditions:Missing partsDependence on machineSignificance of body part or functioning with regard to age, sex, developmental level, or basic human needsPhysical change caused by biochemical agents (drugs)Physical trauma or mutilationPregnancy and/or maturational changes________________________________________________________________________________________________B: SELF-ESTEEM, DISTURBANCE IN________________________________________________________________________________ETIOLOGYBeing developed by NANDA [A threat to the human need for survival.]DEFINING CHARACTERISTICSInability to accept positive reinforcementNot taking responsibility for self-care (self-neglect)Lack of follow-throughNonparticipation in therapySelf-destructive behaviorLack of eye contact