Male Infertility A child of my own - Andrology Australia

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APPENDICESTESTICULARCANCER & FERTILITYSee AndrologyAustralia’s guide onTesticular Cancer formore informationDoes testicular cancer affect the chances ofhaving children?Cancer in a single testis may not affect the chanceof having children. In many men, after a canceroustestis is removed, the remaining testis continuesto produce of sperm and amounts of testosterone,the male sex hormone, that is important forreproductive and general health.Men who are diagnosed with testicular cancerare more likely to have reduced fertility beforeany treatment starts as it seems they have a preexistingtendency to poor sperm production.Fertility can be further affected by the followupcancer treatments such as radiotherapy andchemotherapy. It is therefore possible that somemen who have had testicular cancer may havetrouble having children.How does radiotherapy affect fertility?During radiotherapy, the other non-affected testisis shielded from the x-rays but some exposure mayhappen, which sometimes lowers sperm countsfor a short-time afterward. As radiation can causegenetic damage in the early development stages ofsperm (germ cells), it is best to avoid attempting apregnancy for six months after radiation treatment.MALE INFERTILITY 94
How does chemotherapy affect fertility?Chemotherapy can temporarily or permanentlydestroy developing sperm cells. Most patientswill return to the level of fertility they hadbefore chemotherapy, but this can take up tofive years. In some cases, fertility is permanentlyreduced or eliminated.Why is sperm storage important?Even though surgical removal of one testisdoes not affect the sperm-producing ability ofthe remaining testis, both radiotherapy andchemotherapy can lower sperm counts for ashort-time or permanently after treatment. Menwith testicular cancer often have lower fertilitybefore treatment starts. Treatment can reduce theirfertility further.All men who are going to have chemotherapy orradiotherapy should talk to their doctors abouttheir fertility before treatment begins. It is highlyrecommended that men produce semen samples(through masturbation) for sperm storage (alsoknown as sperm banking). Sperm storage must takeplace before chemotherapy or radiotherapy starts.Semen can be frozen, using special equipment,and stored long-term for future use. If men wantchildren at a later stage, the frozen semen is thawedand used in fertility treatments ranging frominsemination of their partners to IVF.MALE INFERTILITY 95
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MALEINFERTILITYA CHILD OF MY OWNA B
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MALE INFERTILITYInfertility - Not j
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MALEREPRODUCTIONWhat are sperm?Sper
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Before birth, the developing testes
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Cross-section of sperm-producing tu
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The levels of FSH and LH in the blo
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Where can sperm production go wrong
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SIGNS &SYMPTOMSWhat is male inferti
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CAUSESWhat are the known causes of
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Sperm productionproblemsBlockage of
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DIAGNOSISHow is male infertility di
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Ultrasound may be used if the teste
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SpermnumbersLow orzeroLow orzeroLow
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Another blood test which can be don
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What if no cause is found?For most
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temporarily lower a sperm count for
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using methods approved by the World
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TREATMENTCan male infertility be tr
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Treatable causes of male infertilit
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What about assisted reproductive te
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not affecting sperm production or t
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ecome pregnant avoid exposure to an
Page 45 and 46: HAVINGA FAMILYWhat are the chances
Page 47 and 48: very low sperm counts who previousl
Page 49 and 50: What issues need to be thought abou
Page 51 and 52: Childhood developmentLarge studies
Page 53 and 54: Chances of finding sperm are low fo
Page 55 and 56: Semen collectionFor most types of I
Page 57 and 58: What are the success rates with ART
Page 59 and 60: Adoption of babies and children fro
Page 61 and 62: Most men also feel the need to unde
Page 63 and 64: attention is paid to the infertile
Page 65 and 66: APPENDICESMALE INFERTILITY 63
Page 67 and 68: What are the risks of hormonal trea
Page 69 and 70: Most men with Klinefelter’s syndr
Page 71 and 72: What are other considerations for m
Page 73 and 74: Even when this problem is surgicall
Page 75 and 76: How do sexually transmitted infecti
Page 77 and 78: APPENDICESTORSION OF THE TESTISWhat
Page 79 and 80: APPENDICESHEATHow does temperature
Page 81 and 82: APPENDICESVARICOCELEWhat is a varic
Page 83 and 84: APPENDICESSPERM ANTIBODIESWhat are
Page 85 and 86: What are the risks of medicine trea
Page 87 and 88: Alternatively, sperm can be collect
Page 89 and 90: APPENDICESABSENCE OF VAS DEFERENSWh
Page 91 and 92: APPENDICESERECTION &EJACULATION PRO
Page 93 and 94: What are the risks with erectiledys
Page 95: What are the risks of ejaculation t
Page 99 and 100: Where can sperm be stored?Sperm is
Page 101 and 102: Environmental and chemical agents,
Page 103 and 104: APPENDICESRADIATIONHow does radiati
Page 105 and 106: SUPPORTThis booklet gives informati
Page 107 and 108: Websites of relevanceAccessAustrali
Page 109 and 110: chromosomes Structures in each cell
Page 111 and 112: oligozoospermia (or oligospermia) A
Page 113 and 114: spermaturia Spermaturia is the rele
Page 115 and 116: AUTHORSProfessor Robert McLachlanMM
Page 117 and 118: Assisted reproductive technologies
Page 119 and 120: 7Halliday, JL, Ukoumunne OC, Baker
Page 121: Postal address:Andrology AustraliaM
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Male Infertility A child of my own - Andrology Australia

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