LYRICALPOETRYeasily forgotten once they are heard. Their note isnot that of pure, ecstatic song or chant. The tone isthat of the orator, even in song, of one whose wordsvibrate with intensity of feeling, but a feeling thatnever quite wins through to the magic and music ofperfect expression.For the greatest singer after Blake among theRomantics is Shelley. Unlike Blake, his best songs arenot the earliest. He never knew or sang the ecstasyof joy and innocence as Blake recaptured it in an imaginativeinterpretation of childhood. Blake's song issweeter, his tone more human, but his notes were few;his voice too soon lost its finest accents, or recoveredthem only in occasional snatches. Shelley's song is themore piercing, and to the end his art is ever growingfiner. The ecstasy that quickens his greatest songs isnot joy, but the ecstasy of sorrow and longing. Hissong is sweetest when, like the nightingale, he leanshis breast against a thorn and pours forth his woes andaspirations. Behind Blake's anger and sorrow is alwaysthe vision, the faith in a joy that will be made perfect:Hast thou truly longed for me,And am I thus sweet to thee ?Sorrow now is at an end,O my Lover and my Friend.The Shelleyan note is different:I sang of the dancing stars,I sang of the dcedal earth,And of Heaven and the giant wars,And Love, and Death, and Birth,—And then I changed my pipings,—Singing how down the vale of MaenalusI pursued a maiden and clasp'd a reed,Gods and men we are all deluded thus!It breaks in our bosom and then we bleed :46
SCOTT, BYRON, SHELLEY, KEATSbut the difference between Blake and Shelley has beenso well described by Mr Arthur Symons, that I shallquote his words because it will save me from muchtalk about the content of Shelley's lyric: "All his lifeShelley was a dreamer, never a visionary. We imaginehim, like his Asia on the pinnacle, saying:my brainGrows dizzy ; see'st thou shapes within the mist ?The mist to Shelley was part of what he saw; henever saw anything, in life or art, except through amist. Blake lived in a continual state of vision,Shelley in a continual state of hallucination. WhatBlake saw was what Shelley wanted to see; Blakenever dreamed, but Shelley never wakened out of thatshadow of a dream which was his life. 55 A mistinessofcontent, the absence of the final vividness of vision,and with all the ardour of his humanitarian feelinga want of the convincing human touch of the verseI have quoted above from Blake, these are the thingsthat must be discounted in Shelley's <strong>poetry</strong> if one isto enjoy its ineffable music.For of Shelley's <strong>poetry</strong> more than that of any of theromantics is Mr Drinkwater's dictum true, that all<strong>poetry</strong> is <strong>lyrical</strong>. In two longer poems, followingHunt and Byron, he essayed to talk in verse—Julianand Maddalo and the Letter to Maria Gisborne; and nothere alone but also, though this has not been emphasised,in some of his last most intimate lyrics—"Doyou not hear the Aziola cry? 55 , "The Serpent is shutout from Paradise," "Now the last day of many days,""Ariel to Miranda." These are in the tone of onewho talks in gentle, winning accents. But evenShelley's talk is winged. The albatross moves across47
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