Recommendations• In infrastructure development projects, consider providing the necessary skills towomen to become private sector service providers in water supply and sanitation(e.g., in the supply of equipment, repair, or maintenance).• Collaborate with women’s and environmental organizations to develop strategies forsafe waste disposal, water treatment, and recycling programs. Explore the possibilityof linking such projects with renewable energy initiatives (e.g., the collection ofmethane from landfills).• In addition to engaging with women locally on environmental projects, promotethe formal inclusion of women in national bodies that address climate change andadvocate for gender mainstreaming in environmental policy.4. Transport• Support the rehabilitation and construction of local feeder roads in project areas.• Within road construction and rehabilitation projects, earmark funds for rehabilitationand construction of safety features in local communities such as sidewalks, speedlimitations near schools, speed bumps, traffic lights, public crossings, underpasses,play areas away from streets, bus shelters, and waiting areas that are well-lit, andseparate sanitation facilities.• Within transport projects, create opportunities for income generation and jobs forwomen, such as roadside areas to sell goods and roads that connect to local servicesrun by women. Transport projects should be linked to female entrepreneurshipprojects and tourism strategies.• In infrastructure development projects, consider providing the necessary skills towomen to become private sector service providers, for example, in transport services.Road projects can also consider measures that would facilitate trade and export bywomen.• Conduct gender assessments of the transport sector that consider such issues aswomen’s mobility, modes and costs of transport, routes, and schedules. The resultsof such sector assessments should be used to develop transport options that will beaccessible for women, for instance, buses that can be entered with prams, designatedseats for women, or transfer systems that allow for journeys with multiple stops.Ensure that transport and roadside infrastructure are accessible to all people withdisabilities (PWDs), with special consideration to the needs of female PWDs.• Identify the key barriers to women working in the transport industry, including theinfluence of gender stereotypes and discrimination. Develop training projects witheducational, technical, and vocational training institutions and key employers in thetransport sector to assist women in entering nontraditional professions.• Build the capacity of employers in the transport sector to undertake effective gendermainstreaming in the work environment, including hiring and promotion practices.Encourage employers to undertake positive recruitment of women.• In road projects, address not only the technical aspects of road safety, such as roaddesign, but also undertake activities that address gender-influenced behaviors, suchas risky driving, alcohol consumption, or low levels of seat belt and safety helmet useamong men. Fund NGOs to carry out educational and awareness-raising programswith messages targeting male drivers.81
<strong>Armenia</strong> Country Gender Assessment5. Energy• Conduct needs assessments to identify women’s specific energy needs in <strong>Armenia</strong>before undertaking energy projects.• Conduct household-level research into gender roles relevant to energy use thatinclude assessments of the time spent by females on domestic tasks when energysupply is limited to assess how women are impacted by energy supply problems, inadditional time spent on housework or complicating home-based production (e.g.,making food products or handicrafts to sell). Such research should be used to developbaseline data to evaluate gender-specific benefits.• During project implementation, conduct qualitative assessments of thegender-specific benefits that can be attributed to energy projects in the community,for example, installation of street lights or improved energy efficiency of publicbuildings such as schools and health clinics. Specifically evaluate any increase infemale mobility and reductions in crime and childhood illnesses.• Assist women’s NGOs that have missions to promote renewable sources of energy tobuild their capacities and also encourage cooperation and consultations between civilsociety organizations, international organizations, and government agencies on thistopic.• Work with key employers in the energy sector to ensure that women have accessto any jobs that may be created when renewable energy technologies are adopted,through job fairs, positive recruitment, and support for academic and trainingprograms for women.82
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