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Cyber Primer

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<strong>Cyber</strong> functions<br />

levels, they protect critical networks and systems that reside in the sea, land,<br />

air and space environments. Such control is likely to be localised in terms of<br />

time and space, and will be reliant on the quality of information assurance.<br />

Control of equity in cyberspace depends on available resources and the level<br />

of risk that can be tolerated. Defensive cyber operations are enduring and<br />

non-discretionary.<br />

3.6. Security. The National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and<br />

Security Review 2015 makes it clear that the opportunities presented by<br />

cyberspace have also introduced new vulnerabilities. Security, both<br />

individual and collective, is therefore an overarching principle in cyber<br />

operations. A lapse in security can affect our resilience, awareness and<br />

destroy the trust of our partners. The link with operations security is critical<br />

as actions in cyberspace may take place over a prolonged period and any<br />

compromise could undermine years of effort. Within the cyber environment,<br />

everyone must apply judgement, take responsibility for their actions,<br />

understand regulations and respond to possible breaches in a timely fashion.<br />

The scale of damage that even one person can cause is illustrated by the<br />

Edward Snowden case. 38<br />

3.7. Resilience. Dependence on the cyber environment dictates that<br />

Defence, commercial entities/contractors and our partners, must withstand<br />

or recover rapidly from difficult conditions. Defence must also deliver those<br />

capabilities and actions that are essential to operations.<br />

resilience<br />

The ability of the community, services or infrastructure to withstand the<br />

consequences of an incident.<br />

(JDP 02, Operations in the UK: The Defence Contribution to Resilience, 2nd<br />

Edition)<br />

cyber resilience<br />

The ability of an organisation or platform to withstand and/or recover<br />

from malicious events in cyberspace.<br />

38 More detail of which can be found at Annex 2A on page 44.<br />

<strong>Cyber</strong> <strong>Primer</strong> (2nd Edition) 55

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