Permafrost

of quantity of neglected interactions with time. Such point of view explains appearing of flow
properties of frozen ground, reduction of strength with time in particular.
After study of this process from the position of kinetic theory of solid strength (this theory
was developed by academician S.A. Jurkov) and taking into account the influence
many-components character of frozen ground and changes of phase Roman L.T. found the
equation of long strength of frozen ground in 2002 year: σt = σ0 / (t/t0) β θ ( where: σt -
long-time strength of frozen soil in moment of time t; t0 – kinetic parameter oscillation period
of atoms, it is equal 10 -13 sec; σ0 – experimental parameter, independents of the soil
temperature; βθ. - parameter depends on ground temperature) The given equation takes
possibility to predict .the long- strength using experimental data on the period exploitation of
buildings
Further researches resulted in statement that the influence on the decreasing of strength of
frozen salt grounds is analogical to the influence of increasing of temperature. It allows to
recive the family of dependences of strength from the time in wide range of salinity of grounds
that were tested for constant temperature. It give possibility to determine experimental
parameters of predicted equation of long strength, that time the parameter β is depending only
from salinity and of it symbol is βsal Results of given researches presented in this report. The
method of determination of activation energy of destruction process is developed, also method
is given for determination of coefficient that characterize concentration of tension in soil
components which are destructed under load.
Findings confirm supposition that lose of strength of frozen ground results from
destruction of hydrogenous connections either in the ice or on the contact of ice with pore
solution of soil. In the report is showed the relation between processes of the disintegration and
warping. Both processes are based on the break of elementary bonding. In contrast to warping
break of elementary bonding is irreversible in process of disintegration. The numbers of broken
bonds are constantly increased. During of destruction appear and grow defects. Elementary acts
of warping are dislocation of defects which transfer to the stage of broken bonds. The data of
experimental determination of creep’s velocity suggest the existence of functional dependence
between durability of frozen salt ground and tension and salinity.
The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 05 – 05 –
64310
Key words: frozen salt ground, strength of frozen ground
Structure of Organic Matter in Permafrost Soils of Forest Ecosystems in
Central Siberia
L.V.Mukhortova
(V.N.Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science,
Krasnoyarsk, Russia, biosoil@forest.akadem.ru )
Abstract: The first step to estimate biological cycling of chemical elements is assessment of
storage and structure of organic matter in soil.
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