Permafrost

Monitoring of the snow cover in the north Asia
Vorochilina I.N., Goubarkov A.A. * , Oleynik E.V., Samsonova V.V., Fadeev S.V.
(Tyumen Oil and Gas Universiti, Russia)
Abstract: The snow cover as a planetary phenomenon and cryogenic resource is one of the
most important natural processes and economic activities of a man. This annual recycled
resource has no stable characteristics. It appears seas only and affects industrial and residential
objects, as well as the condition of the upper lithosphere horizons and other Earth s crusts. At
the sometime the difference of peculiarities and the conditions of its formation in time and in
space is characteristic of it. It is influenced by the regularities of the climatic formation which
can both have similar average meanings of the meteorological indicators and rare sharp changes.
These changes are different in the regions and climatic zones in a year and interyearly cycles.
In the large areas cultivated by a man the formation of snow cover is a significant factor,
limiting many types of activity. The industrial activity of a man also influences on snow cover
distribution which leads to the heterogeneity and unevenness of the technogenic accumulation
snow. The lack of snow cover or the presence of it is sometimes dangerous and unfavorable. So,
to study the regularities of the formation of snow cover in the large regions during different
climatic tendencies (warming or coldsnap) has an important and practical significance. The
influence of the formation of the atmosphere, hydrological, geological biological, coldsnap is
defined by the depth of the snow cover and the conditions its density time and conditions of
deposits and some other characteristics of snow cover.
Monitoring and studying of the peculiarities of snow accumulation an actual research
problem for the vast territory of the north of Asia. It is not necessary only to use the data of the
state meteorological stations but also to organize localities for monitoring observations.
For example, the investigation of the snow cover in different climatic zones of western
Siberia and the analysis of the observation materials at the monitoring localities ( Kharasavey,
Tarko-sale, Tyumen) showed that the regional peculiarities together wit the zone conditions
greatly influence on the distribution of permafrost minerals. These localities are situated in
tundra, taiga and forest-steppe zones.
The route investigations were done in different landscape conditions of snow cover
accumulations. The snow survey data are done in the lines of 250-300 meters in 5 meters from
each other. Besides the depth of snow cover is measured at the localities where the points of
survey are located in the chess order in the distance of 10 metros from each other (programmer
CALM).
For example, accordly to the results of long observations of the meteorological stations,
the deepest snow cove was painted out in the taiga zone (0,5m). The depth of snow cover is
similar to that in tundra and forest steppe zones (0,34-0,35m). The peculates of snow cover
density are also evidently seen. In tundra and forest steppe zones the snow cover density is the
biggest, in taiga it is less. However, at the large areas of taiga zones, occupied by marshes, the
snow cover density is also similar to that in tundra and forest-steppe zones.
To study the peculiarities of snow cover accumulation is the actual research problem for
vast territory of the north of Asia. To use the data of the state meteorological stations is not
enough in the studying of the variety of the problems of the snow. To create the net of the
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