International Ocean Institute Training Programme

UNEP(OCA)/LBA/IG.2/7
Page 50
128. The effects of the enhanced mobilization of nutrients are enhanced productivity but these can
also result in changes in species diversity, excessive algal growth, dissolved oxygen reductions and
associated fish kills and, it is suspected, the increased prevalence or frequency of toxic algal
blooms.
129. The objective/proposed target is:
2. Objective/proposed target
(a) To identify, in broad terms, marine areas where nutrient inputs are causing or are likely to
cause pollution, directly or indirectly;
(b) To reduce nutrient inputs into the areas identified;
(c) To reduce the number of marine areas where eutrophication is evident;
(d) To protect and, where appropriate, to restore areas of natural denitrification.
(a) National actions, policies and measures
3. Activities
130. Actions, policies and measures of States within their capacities should include:
(a) Identification of areas where nutrient inputs are likely to cause pollution, directly or
indirectly;
(b) Identification of point sources and diffuse sources of nutrient inputs into these areas;
(c) Identification of areas where changes in anthropogenic nutrient inputs are causing or are
likely to cause pollution, either directly or indirectly, and prioritization of these areas for action;
(d) Adoption of appropriate cost-effective policy instruments, including regulatory measures,
economic instruments and voluntary agreements, to control anthropogenic sources of nutrients
affecting these areas, including:
(i) Activities related to sewage treatment and management mentioned in paragraph 97 (b)
above;
(ii) Minimization of the release of nutrients by the use of best environmental practice (BEP) in
agriculture and aquaculture operations;
(iii) Minimization of the release of nutrients by the use of best environmental practice (BEP),
best available techniques (BAT) and integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) in
industrial operations;