Abstracts 4. Gemeinsamer Jahreskongress der ... - SWISS KNIFE
Abstracts 4. Gemeinsamer Jahreskongress der ... - SWISS KNIFE
Abstracts 4. Gemeinsamer Jahreskongress der ... - SWISS KNIFE
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swissknife spezial 06 12.06.2006 13:39 Uhr Seite 13<br />
ring in the group of patients treated after a period of more than 24 hours from the onset of<br />
symptoms and only 2 deaths (14 %) in patients treated before 24 hours. Later complications,<br />
particularly esophageal stenosis, were observed in 4 patients (16 %) and managed with esophageal<br />
dilatation with success.<br />
Conclusion: Despite prompt treatment postoperative morbidity and mortality are still relevant.<br />
Eearly diagnosis and definitive surgical management are stil l the key for successful outcome<br />
in the management of spontaneous esophageal perforation. Primary suture with buttressing<br />
should be consi<strong>der</strong>ed as the procedure of choice. Conservative approach may be applied in<br />
very selected cases..<br />
3.04<br />
U. Stammberger 1 , W. Bauer 2 , R.A. Schmid 3<br />
1 DMLL, Klinik und Poliklinik für Thoraxchirurgie, 3010 Bern/CH, 2 Medizin, Pneumologie, 3012<br />
Bern/CH, 3 Klinik Und Poliklinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Inselspital, 3010 Bern/CH<br />
Improvement of diaphragm plication in patients with idiopathic diaphragm paralysis by a<br />
small diaphragmatic incision<br />
Objective: Diaphragm paralysis is caused by cardiac surgery, viral infections, different neurological<br />
disor<strong>der</strong>s or trauma, however, in more than half of the patients, the cause for nerval<br />
dysfunction remains unclear. Whereas unilateral left paralysis is well tolerated at least in<br />
adults, unilateral right or bilateral diaphragm paralysis leads to dyspnea and the inability to<br />
sleep in supine position, because the diaphragm is the only inspiratory muscle active during<br />
REM sleep. Plication of the diaphragm reduces paradoxic motion and increases the volume<br />
of the hemithorax. Either minimally invasive procedure by thoracoscopy, which are less effective<br />
due to suboptimal plication, or procedures via a large posterolateral thoracotomy are described<br />
in the literature.<br />
Methods: Two females with idiopathic diaphragm palsy un<strong>der</strong>went unilateral plication of the<br />
dia-phragm via a small muscle-sparing lateral thoracotomy combined with an incision in the<br />
diaphragm in or<strong>der</strong> to optimally retract intraabdominal organs, facilitating maximum plication<br />
via a small thoracic incision. After plication, the diaphragmatic incision is closed with<br />
monofilament sutures.<br />
Results: Postoperative course was uneventful in both patients. One patient with unilateral diaphragm<br />
paralysis who suffered hypoxemia, chronic lower lobe atelectasis and inability to<br />
walk stairs had significant improvement of lung function (VC pre 1.54, post 2.02 [L]; FEV1 pre<br />
1.07, post 1.48 [L/sec]), maximal static inspiratory and exspiratory pressures (PImax pre<br />
2.46, post 3.50; PEmax pre 5.84, post 8.74 [kPa]), oxygenation (PaO2 at ambient air pre 48,<br />
post 63 [mmHg], and reduction of shunt volume (Qs/Qt pre 18, post 14). The patient with<br />
bilateral paralysis who had been operated on the right side needed noninvasive ventilation<br />
during sleep (BiPAP). After the operation, she can sleep in supine position without ventilatory<br />
assistance. VC increased from 1.58 to 1.92 [L], whereas FEV1 improved only little (pre 1.17,<br />
post 1.33 [L/sec]). Maximal inspiratory (3.05 to 5.88) and exspiratory (pre 5.26; post 8.27<br />
[kPa]) pressures improved.<br />
Conclusion: Open diaphragmatic plication via a small lateral thoracotomy with diaphragmatic<br />
incision results in relief of symptoms as well as improvement of lung function and maximal<br />
static pressures.<br />
3.05<br />
N. Seidel 1 , B. Hoksch 2 , R.A. Schmid 3<br />
1 DMLL Inselspital, Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, 3005 Berne/CH, 2 University Hospital Bern/<br />
Inselspital, Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, 3 010 Berne/CH, 3Division of General Thoracic Surgery,<br />
University Hospital, 3010 Berne/CH<br />
Perioperativer Verlauf nach thorakoskopischer Talkpleurodese bei malignem Pleuraerguss<br />
Objective: Hintergrund: Im Zusammenhang mit Talkpleurodesen wird zum Teil über schwerwiegende<br />
Komplikationen bis hin zu Sepsis und Multiorganversagen berichtet. In einer retrospektiven<br />
Analyse wird das Outcome nach erfolgter thorakoskopischer Talkpleurodese bei<br />
malignem Pleuraerguss untersucht. Gleichzeitig soll eruiert werden, inwieweit eine intraoperative<br />
Pleurabiopsie zu einer erhöhten Komplikationsrate im postoperativen Verlauf führt.<br />
Methods: Material + Methodik: Im Zeitraum vom 1.1.2002 bis zum 31.12.2004 wurde bei 77<br />
Patienten mit rezidivierendem malignen Pleuraerguss und ausgeprägter Dyspnoe eine thorakoskopische<br />
Talkpleurodese durchgeführt. In <strong>der</strong> retrospektiven Aufarbeitung erfolgte eine<br />
Einteilung <strong>der</strong> Patienten in zwei Gruppen: Patienten mit (n = 50 [ 64,94%]) und Patienten<br />
ohne (n = 27 [35,06%]) Biopsieentnahme intraoperativ. Für beide Gruppen wurden sowohl<br />
<strong>der</strong> paraklinische Verlauf (CRP, Leukozyten) als auch Komplikationen, Morbidität und<br />
Mortalität erfasst.<br />
Results: Ergebnisse: Postoperativ war in beiden Gruppen bei allen Patienten ein deutlicher<br />
CRP- Anstieg zu verzeichnen, mit Punktum Maximum am 2. postoperativen Tag (Median =<br />
235 mg/L, Range 17 bis 456 mg/L). Zum Entlassungszeitpunkt lag <strong>der</strong> CRP- Wert im Median<br />
noch bei 113 mg/L (Range 16 bis 429 mg/L). Am 2. postoperativen Tag wurden im Median<br />
Leukozyten mit Werten von 9.40G/L (Range 0.80 bis 30.00 G/L) verzeichnet.<br />
Komplikationen traten bei 8 Patienten (10.4%) auf, wobei kein Unterschied zwischen den<br />
Patientengruppen mit o<strong>der</strong> ohne Biopsie bestand. Die Mortalitätsrate betrug 9,1%, wobei hier<br />
in nahezu allen Fällen (71,4 %) eine massive Tumorprogredienz ursächlich war. Nach <strong>der</strong> bisherigen<br />
Datenlage trat bei keinem Patienten ein Rezidiverguss auf.<br />
Conclusion: Schlussfolgerungen: Anhand <strong>der</strong> Datenlage kann gefolgert werden, dass die thorakoskopische<br />
Talkpleurodese eine sichere und vertretbare Methode ist, um die<br />
Lebensqualität von Patienten mit respiratorischen Einschränkungen in einer palliativen<br />
Situation zu verbessern. Dabei sollte die Indikation immer vom aktuellen Status/<br />
Allgemeinzustand des Patienten abhängig gemacht werden. Weiterhin konnte in <strong>der</strong> vorliegenden<br />
Arbeit festgestellt werden, dass Patienten mit einer Biopsieentnahme kein signifikant<br />
erhöhtes Risiko einer postoperativen Komplikation im Vergleich zu Patienten ohne<br />
Biopsieentnahme bei einer Talkpleurodese haben.<br />
3.06<br />
R. Fahrner 1 , B. Hoksch 1 , A. Gazdhar1, R.A. Schmid 2<br />
1 University Hospital Bern/Inselspital, Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, 3010 Berne/CH, 2 Division of<br />
General Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, 3010 Berne/CH<br />
Procalcitonin as a parameter in the postoperative course of patients with talc pleurodesis<br />
Objective: Background: There are no informations about the course of Procalcitonin (PCT) in<br />
patients operated with a pleural effusion proven to be due to pleural malignancy by cytology<br />
and/or histology. The aim of this clinical pilot project was to assess the importance of PCT as<br />
a diagnostic paramater in patients un<strong>der</strong>going thoracoscopic pleurodesis with talc (graded<br />
talc). An improved rapid assay with a functional assay sensitivity of 0.06 ng/ml has become<br />
available (Fa. BRAHMS PCT-Kryptor-System) and was used for this question.<br />
Methods: Material/Methods: Since January 2005, 21 Patients admitted with pleural effusion<br />
caused by cancer were enrolled in this study. PCT, Interleukin (IL), and CrP plasma levels as<br />
well as clinical course were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively day 1-3 and on day<br />
of discharge.<br />
Results: Results: During the postoperative course the PCT levels elevated in all patients with a<br />
peak–level on day 2 (median 0.5198 [0,0783- 19.09] ng/ml). PCT levels declined from that<br />
day continuously. Most of the patients offered an only slight elevated PCT level by discharge<br />
(day 5) explainable by a low systemic inflammation/reaction (median 0.1965 [0.0662–<br />
0.6862] ng/ml). CrP also elevated to peak-level on day 2 (median 246 [64 528] ng/ml). On<br />
day of discharge (day 5) no patient showed a normal CrP value. 23.8 % of the patients had<br />
CrP levels of more than 50 mg/l, 42.9 % patients of more than 100 mg/l. The course of IL<br />
confirmed the systemic inflammation.<br />
Conclusion: Conclusion: PCT measurement showed a significant systemic<br />
inflammation/systemic reaction due to the pleurodesis with a decrease of this process beginning<br />
on day 2 postoperatively. The CrP showed a similiar pattern, but presented higher values<br />
on 5th day postoperatively. So PCT can help to differentiate systemic inflammation from<br />
infections postoperatively. The PCT seems to be an appropriate diagnostic parameter to monitor<br />
and optimize the course of these patients.<br />
3.07<br />
Q. Tan 1 , M. Welti 1 , S. Hillinger 2 , W. We<strong>der</strong> 2<br />
1 Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich/CH, 2 Department of Thoracic<br />
Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich/CH<br />
Design of „in-vivo bioreactor“ for the reepithelialization of tissue engineered trachea<br />
Objective: Our main goal is to invent a tissue-engineered neo-trachea to be implantable in<br />
patients with tracheal defects caused by cancer or stenosis. In this study we pioneer a concept<br />
of „in-vivo bioreactor”, defined as the design of a perfusion system inside scaffold, and<br />
test its advantages first in vitro.<br />
Methods: To establish a simple test model, we inserted a porous catheter inside a tubular<br />
DegraPol scaffold; connected the ends of the catheter to two pumps respectively. One pump<br />
continuously pumped medium into the scaffold while the other sucked the waste out. In reepithelialization<br />
exam, human tracheal epithelial cell line 16HBE14o was first seeded onto<br />
acellular porcine <strong>der</strong>mal (APD) scaffold. Supported by perfusion system in incubator for two<br />
weeks before scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). In a cell delivery trial, rat chondrocytes<br />
were added into perfusion medium, administered in a continuous way for one week to a<br />
DegraPol tube. MTT and histological assessment were chosen to prove the presence of living<br />
cells on the scaffold through this seeding approach. Regarding the angiogenesis test, we<br />
used the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis model; the DegraPol tube of in-vivo<br />
bioreactor was put on top of the CAM surface and 40ng/ml VEGF inside the perfusion medium.<br />
After 5 days Bisbenzimide H 33342 was injected into CAM circulation system before<br />
sample harvest to prove normal functional vessel formation inside the scaffold.<br />
Results: SEM results prove that perfusion system inside the DegraPol scaffold can maintain<br />
the survival of epithelial cells on the APD outside surface. The design also serves as an efficient<br />
cell delivery approach. In the angiogenesis test CAM tissue grew into and biodegraded<br />
the DegraPol scaffold quickly and some typical effects of VEGF such as increased vascular<br />
permeability are found.<br />
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that through the in-vivo bioreactor approach we can<br />
deliver, further maintain, the survival of seeded cells and accelerate the angiogenesis process.<br />
It combines the traditionally separated in-vitro and in-vivo parts in tissue engineering<br />
research and can also be used in the reconstruction of other tissue engineered organ, such<br />
as tissue engineered bone. In our view the design of the scaffold maybe the know-how to<br />
resolve the two key technical bottlenecks faced by tissue engineering research: revascularization<br />
and reepithelialization.<br />
3.08<br />
H. Winiker 1 , M.G. Schwöbel 1 , R. Schläpfer 2 , P. Stulz 2 , M. Jöhr 3<br />
1 Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, 6000 Luzern/CH, 2 Herz-Thorax-Chirurgie, Kantonsspital,<br />
6000 Luzern/CH, 3 Anästhesiologisches Institut, Kantonsspital, 6000 Luzern/CH<br />
Ist die NUSS geknackt? Die minimal-invasive Trichterbrust – Operation nach NUSS: Wie lassen<br />
sich Komplikationen, Ernüchterung und schlechte Resultate vermeiden?<br />
Objective: Der Boom, welche die NUSS-Modifikation in Form einer minimal-invasiven Trichterbrust-Operation<br />
weltumspannend erreicht hat, ist auch in <strong>der</strong> Schweiz nicht aufzuhalten.<br />
Unsere Klinik gehört schweizweit zu den Ersten, die auf diesen Zug aufgesprungen ist, und<br />
„zahlenmässig“ zu den erfahrenen Instituten.<br />
Methods: Die Analyse von 70 minimal-invasiven Trichterbrust-Operationen nach <strong>der</strong> Methode<br />
von NUSS, ausgeführt in den Jahren 2000 – 2005, veranlassen uns auf die möglichen<br />
Komplikationen und <strong>der</strong>en Konsequenzen hinzuweisen.<br />
Results: Von insgesamt mehr als 100 evaluierten Patienten wurden 68 Kin<strong>der</strong>, Adoleszente<br />
o<strong>der</strong> Erwachsene (16 W und 52 M) mit 70 Eingriffen (2 x ReDo) nach <strong>der</strong> erwähnten<br />
Methode operiert. Die Alterspanne reicht von 8 bis 29 Jahre. Bei 15 Patienten (22%) traten 18<br />
unterschiedliche Komplikationen (13 minor, 5 major) auf, die als unbedeutend bis erheblich<br />
o<strong>der</strong> ernsthaft beurteilt werden müssen. Bleibende Störungen o<strong>der</strong> Schäden sind nicht zu verzeichnen.<br />
Conclusion: Es ist gerade bei dieser Operationstechnik, die sich einfach präsentiert und<br />
wegen <strong>der</strong> „minimalen Invasivität“ banal erscheint, beson<strong>der</strong>e Vorsicht geboten. Die „learning-curve“<br />
ist nicht unbedeutend und nicht zu unterschätzen. Das Komplikationenspektrum<br />
wird besprochen und Konsequenzen und Optionen für <strong>der</strong>en Vermeidung aufgezeigt.<br />
04<br />
<strong>4.</strong>01<br />
C. Senekowitsch 1 , A. Assadian 2 , G. Hagmüller 3<br />
1 Chirurgie, Wilhelminenspital <strong>der</strong> Stadt Wien, 1160 Wien/AT, 2 Chirurgie, Wilhelminenspital,<br />
1160 Wien/AT, 3 Chirurgie, Wilhelminenspital, Wien/AT<br />
swiss knife 2006; special edition 13