2018 Abstract Volume

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Non-sewered sanitation: For the community, for the environment Presenting Author: Co-Authors: Ms. Alexandra Campbell-Ferrari, The Center for Water Security and Cooperation, United States Mr. Luke Wilson, The Center for Water Security and Cooperation, United States Keywords Urban sanitation, non-sewered sanitation, gender, water quality, ecosystem Highlights The purpose of this research is to identify how the laws and policies across five African countries facilitate or hinder the use of non-sewered sanitation in urban communities. Sanitation laws and policies are essential to supporting a healthy community and environment. Introduction and objectives This research examines how the law advances or hinders the adoption of non-sewered sanitation (‘NSS’) in urban centers. Sewered sanitation - centralized sanitation made up of miles of costly pipes and a centralized wastewater treatment facility - often does not meet the needs of urban communities, especially low-income communities or informal settlements. National-level laws often fail to provide a comprehensive and implementable framework for sanitation and exclude NSS as an option. Ensuring that urban communities property treat their human waste and create value out of wastewater/sludge protects the health of the citizens and reduces water, soil, and environmental pollution. Methodology approach The Center for Water Security and Cooperation, with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is creating the first pan-African water law platform to understand how laws are impacting and influencing water security across all sectors and jurisdictions within and between each country in Africa. We are collecting, cataloguing, independently analyzing, and critically evaluating collected laws to understand the scope and depth of existing water law frameworks. Given the impact untreated sewage has on water quality and human health, sanitation is a priority focus area. Fecal contaminated soils diminish the vibrancy of communities and ecosystem health. Analysis and results Our research begins with an examination of sanitation laws broadly, focusing on the management of domestic and industrial liquid waste (excluding solid waste and drainage). We study how existing laws manage human waste along the sanitation value chain. We also look for the inclusion or exclusion of several additional factors in the law including: vulnerable communities and informal settlements, gender, financing and the user-pay principle, citizen engagement, monitoring and reporting, water quality, rural v. urban, emergencies, data-sharing, institutions, and enforcement. Our preliminary research demonstrates that: (1) countries' sanitation policies are often limited in breadth and depth, providing limited clarity on what is required and by whom (e.gnon-sewered sanitation construction standards, effluent standards, water quality standards) (2) NSS is often not identified as an option, meaning that low-income communities and informal settlements are not being retrofitted with sanitation services, (3) the roles and responsibilities of responsible institutions are unclear and confusing, and (4) the mandate for making sanitation available to all citizens is weak, unfunded, or set forth with little information on how to actualize the right. Seminar: Ecosystems in an urbanising world: Challenges and opportunities for symbiosis 200
Conclusions and recommendation Our research illustrates the need for stronger, more comprehensive legal frameworks governing sanitation paired with tools and resources that aid in implementation, enforcement, and periodic review as well as clearly defined institutions. Our conclusions will include a detailed comparison of approaches in the five countries as well as identify shortcomings, gaps, inconsistencies and strengths. Recommendation will highlight the types of provisions which should be included in any sanitation framework so as to best promote ecosystem health and community. Seminar: Ecosystems in an urbanising world: Challenges and opportunities for symbiosis 201
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ABSTRACT VOLUME Photo: iStock World
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Seminar: Tapping into collective wi
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An alternative gender analytical ap
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Circular economy practices for exot
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Gendered approach in capitalising o
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‘Green Lady of Bihar’ and susta
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Human rights to water and sanitatio
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Integrating indigenous and scientif
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Monitoring SDGs 6, 5 and 14 through
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What gets measured (by women), gets
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Women, SDGs and climate related ada
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Seminar: IWRM and ecosystem based a
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Assessing the effectiveness of wate
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Assessing the interconnectedness of
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Can you sue a river? Legal rights a
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Effective stakeholder participation
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Environmental paradigm and water ma
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IWRM and ecosystem, the gap between
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Participatory ecosystem management
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Reducing uncertainty in ecosystem b
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SDG targets and implementation of I
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Seminar: Political drivers for sust
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A multinational commitment to save
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Cooperation and conflict: A subnati
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Linking water ecosystem services an
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Protracted conflict and the targeti
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Conclusions and recommendation EcoP
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the annual water saving in the six
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RBO-established institutional and g
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Seminar: Ecosystem based water mana
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measures to address such issues as
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Development of a curated global com
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Drivers for ecosystem-based flood m
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Enabling smart collaboration for th
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Environmental report-cards support
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Floods for food: Water spreading we
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How much groundwater can we pump an
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Conclusions and recommendation Alth
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modeling to consider future pressur
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critical to secure support for refo
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Conclusions and recommendation The
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• Fewer IKP were identified in ar
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Seminar: Industry’s role in ecosy
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their operating plants. Local commu
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Conclusions and recommendation WCL
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The fact that 88% of SMEs suppliers
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Conclusions and recommendation Prov
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Leveraging artificial intelligence
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Mining sector collective action on
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Public and private roles beyond 'fe
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Sinopec: Grey-green infrastructure
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Trends in water-related innovation
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Water stewardship and business valu
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Seminar: Sustainable infrastructure
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Building inclusive basin resilience
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Can Africa take the lead on sustain
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Controlling water disasters and bui
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Developing a robust water strategy
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Conclusions and recommendation Know
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Conclusions and recommendation This
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Conclusions and recommendation Over
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Conclusions and recommendation •
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Natural and built infrastructure ca
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Promoting pathways to guide investm
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Smart web-based IT solution for pla
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Tracking sustainable infrastructure
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Water for the city: ‘Greening’
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Seminar: Is there such thing as inn
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Adaptive PES: Financing sustainable
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Economic and financial instruments
Page 149 and 150: Establishing a trans-provincial eco
Page 151 and 152: Financial sustainability of watersh
Page 153 and 154: How to upscale financing for ecosys
Page 155 and 156: miParamo, environmental financing m
Page 157 and 158: Strengthening enabling conditions f
Page 159 and 160: Seminar: Investing in freshwater ec
Page 161 and 162: Balancing built and natural infrast
Page 163 and 164: Conserving the Lake Tana ecosystem
Page 165 and 166: Integrating water and energy bills
Page 167 and 168: Investing in aquatic ecosystems and
Page 169 and 170: Investing in free-flowing rivers: A
Page 171 and 172: Making freshwater biodiversity in t
Page 173 and 174: Private sector engagement with supp
Page 175 and 176: Understanding freshwater biodiversi
Page 177 and 178: Water community providers, ecosyste
Page 179 and 180: Wetworking: A participatory network
Page 181 and 182: Willingness to accept: Enticing lan
Page 183 and 184: Seminar: Ecosystems in an urbanisin
Page 185 and 186: Conclusions and recommendation For
Page 187 and 188: Conclusions and recommendation Wate
Page 189 and 190: Integrated approach for blue/green
Page 191 and 192: Integrating green infrastructure in
Page 193 and 194: Integrating land use and water mana
Page 195 and 196: Is really ecosystem development han
Page 197 and 198: Let nature do the work in the Stock
Page 199: Conclusions and recommendation The
Page 203: The ecosystem in Gaza Strip between
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2018 Abstract Volume

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