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The track record of urban development projects (e.g., rapid transit systems), coupled with the fi nancial viability of some sub-national governments in Latin America, led to the need for innovative fi nancial tools to incorporate future gains in land value resulting from the realization of major infrastructure projects. One such fi nancial instrument is tradable development rights originally developed in Brazil. An SNTA project in Colombia is helping Bogotá tap private sources of fi nancing by auctioning additional building rights to private investors beyond what was initially permitted by the city’s zoning legislation. The resulting certifi cates are freely tradable instruments in the local stock exchange. The development of innovative fi nancial tools allows the public sector to mobilize private fi nancing for such infrastructure investments and frees up much-needed fi scal space to target other pressing social and economic concerns. PPIAF Activities Approved in Fiscal 2012 (as of March 31, 2012) • Belize (SNTA): Improve Municipal Creditworthiness for Belize Municipalities, approved July 15, 2011, $75,000 • Brazil: Improving the Sustainable Forestry Concession Model in the Amazon, approved September 21, 2011, $400,000 • Colombia (SNTA): Feasibility Study to Develop Tradable Air Rights Instruments to Mobilize Private Financing for Bogotá’s Carrera 7 Bus Rapid Transit Corridor, approved November 24, 2011, $179,780 • Colombia: Private Financing Window for Low-Income Housing Projects, approved March 4, 2012, 74,800 • Mexico (SNTA): Strengthening Lending Market for Small Mexican Municipalities, approved August 10, 2011, $75,000 • Panama: Preparation of a Performance-Based Effi ciency Improvement Contract for IDAAN’s Colón Business Unit, approved November 4, 2011, $74,975 • Peru: PPP Options for Irrigation Infrastructure, approved January 8, 2012, $75,000 • Uruguay: Development of Financing Options for PPPs in the Roads Sector, approved September 9, 2011, $250,000 PPIAF has supported activities in: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela
PUBLIC-PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE ADVISORY FACILITY REGIONAL UPDATE April 2012 PPIAF’S WORK IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Political turmoil has swept the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region since the Arab Spring, which began in Tunisia in December 2010 and spread to several other countries. The upheaval has had political and economic consequences across the region, yet its impact on public-private partnerships (PPPs) is still relatively unclear. Prior to the Arab Spring, growth rates in the region averaged around 3.2% and were insufficient to create enough jobs to match a rapidly growing labor force. In 2011 this growth rate fell to just 1.9% as unrest persisted and economic activity declined. Fiscal deficits and government debt levels in the MENA region have also grown, particularly in non-oil producing countries, as governments responded to the unrest by increasing spending on subsidy programs and cutting tax rates. Unemployment in the region, one of the contributing factors to the Arab Spring, is still around 10%, significantly higher than that in other regions. The problem is particularly acute among the youth and women, who are suffering from 20–25% and 30–35% unemployment, respectively. The MENA region is expected to experience a large increase in its working population, almost doubling to 605 million by 2050, and the region will need to create around 6.75 million jobs per year until 2050 in order to avoid an increase in unemployment rates. As of March 31, 2012 PPIAF had provided $10,315,630 in funding to 61 projects in the MENA region, representing 5% of PPIAF’s total funding portfolio since inception. Since fiscal 2010, MENA activities have represented 11% of PPIAF’s portfolio, as requests for PPIAF assistance have grown more frequent due to recent increased interest from regional governments in private sector participation in the provision of infrastructure services. The portfolio is also evolving, from a focus on middle-income countries such as Jordan, Egypt, and Morocco, to focus on lower-income and fragile countries such as Djibouti and the West Bank and Gaza. On a sectoral basis, energy activities represent 56% of PPIAF’s ongoing portfolio in the region, followed by 20% in water. As regional governments work towards economic development and growth, the provision of adequate infrastructure services has grown in importance. MENA countries have a critical need to upgrade their infrastructure to address past underinvestment and new demand, and a link was drawn between the Arab Spring and lack of access towards adequate infrastructure services. However, with state budgets stretched thin, regional governments face a serious challenge of increasing the quality and quantity of infrastructure services in MENA. Since the global fi nancial crisis, governments in the region are increasingly looking to leverage private sector management expertise and/or fi nancing to expand and improve infrastructure services. As a result, PPIAF’s MENA portfolio has been highly solicited by a range of governments to identify and implement PPPs.
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Program Manager’s Report — Tabl
Page 4 and 5: LICs MICs PPIAF SNTA DAC 1 $3,398,6
Page 6 and 7: contains a comprehensive list of ou
Page 8 and 9: Date Sender Comments November 9, 20
Page 10 and 11: We have also sponsored several othe
Page 12 and 13: early on, preliminary requests for
Page 14 and 15: Seventy-One Activities worth $9.5 M
Page 16 and 17: Table 6: Primary Action Areas of To
Page 18 and 19: Country/Title Activity Description
Page 28 and 29: South Asia Country/Title Activity D
Page 30 and 31: PUBLIC-PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE ADVIS
Page 32 and 33: PPIAF Work Program 2011-2013 Overar
Page 34 and 35: April 2012 Activities Approved in Q
Page 36 and 37: Crosscutting Themes Sub-National Te
Page 38 and 39: Region Country/Title 5 Approved Fun
Page 40 and 41: Region Country/Title MENA MENA MENA
Page 42 and 43: It is estimated that inadequate inf
Page 44 and 45: program. It is hoped that PPIAF can
Page 48 and 49: Indonesia: Support for Financial an
Page 50 and 51: Albania: Technical Assistance for t
Page 56 and 57: PPIAF’s portfolio in low-income a
Page 60 and 61: PPIAF Activities Approved in Fiscal
Page 62 and 63: operators participating in PPPs in
Page 64 and 65: A workshop on sustainable developme
Page 66 and 67: • Prepare the key fi nancial and
Page 68 and 69: In addition to the diagnostic repor
Page 70 and 71: scope of authority within the vario
Page 72 and 73: Overview Table of Contents I. Activ
Page 74 and 75: Results to Date of the Municipal So
Page 76 and 77: and the integration of performance-
Page 78 and 79: Annex 1: Pipeline of Activities Fun
Page 80 and 81: PPIAF Non-Core Trust Fund as a Resp
Page 82 and 83: Overview At the onset of the global
Page 84 and 85: Results of the Russian Translation
Page 86 and 87: 8. PPPs in Infrastructure Resource
Page 88 and 89: planned activities, and facilitate
Page 90 and 91: an assessment and recommendations f
Page 92 and 93: Annex 1: Approved Activities Funded
Page 94 and 95: Annex 2: Statement of Funding for t
Page 96 and 97: Overview Table of Contents I. Regio
Page 98 and 99: 2. Impact of Climate Change in the
Page 100 and 101: Results of the Capacity Building Ac
Page 102 and 103: 2. Côte d’Ivoire: Strategic Fram
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Africa Annex 1: Pipeline of Activit
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Development Impact of Fragility Rep
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Lesotho: Technical Assistance for P
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Guinea-Bissau: Preparation of the S
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South Asia: Leveraging PPPs for Dev
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