Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development

<strong>Draft</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>regional</strong> <strong>report</strong> on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development
Summary
Thus, the priority measures covered in this chapter and the proposed indicators are based on the
international human rights framework, the <strong>regional</strong> consensuses (including the participation of civil society)
and the general proposals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Furthermore, they are aligned
with the conclusions of the Latin American and Caribbean Regional Preparatory Meeting of International
Migration Experts on the global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration held in August 2017 at ECLAC
headquarters, in Santiago, as a part of the <strong>regional</strong> consultations of the global compact, which emphasized the
need to put an end to the criminalization of irregular migration and address, among other things, violence as
the factor that triggers and accompanies migration processes in some subregions, especially in the countries
of the Northern Triangle of Central America (ECLAC, 2018a).
Lastly, ECLAC draws attention to the fact that many migrants on several migratory routes —whether
during their outward journey or their return— continue to face the same hardships they faced in their
countries of origin: inequality, violence and discrimination in different contexts. Migration is now one of the
most pressing issues in the region. All the countries face great challenges in addressing the infringement
of migrants’ rights (reflected in the multiple dimensions of the violence they face) and the discrimination
they suffer in the course of their journeys, integration into their host country and their return. Furthermore,
the huge development opportunities afforded by migration exchanges are also part of present day migration
governance in the region.
G. Territorial inequality, spatial mobility and vulnerability
This chapter focuses on three major areas of interest. The <strong>first</strong> is the design and execution of territorial management
plans, policies and programmes, and instruments at different subnational, urban and city-system levels, based on
rights, and incorporating environmental sustainability, the gender perspective and interculturalism. It includes
priority measures 76, 78, 80, 81 and 84, the last of which promotes the use of georeferenced sociodemographic
analysis disaggregated by population group to improve territorial planning and management. The second is
the development and well-being of people in different dimensions and in all territories, and includes priority
measure 77, which makes clear reference to the promotion of people’s well-being and access to basic services,
and priority measure 79, which addresses citizen security and creative leisure pursuits as means of preventing
social problems. This area is also directly linked to the 2030 Agenda, particularly Goals 1, 3, 6 and 11, and to
the New Urban Agenda of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), which include
several of the aspects addressed in chapter G, especially since they incorporate the idea that to leave no
one behind, poverty in all its forms and dimensions must be eradicated; equal rights and opportunities must
be guaranteed; habitability, education, food security and nutrition, health and well-being must be improved;
security must be promoted and discrimination and all forms of violence must be eliminated; public participation
must be guaranteed through safe and equal access for all; and equitable access for all to physical and social
infrastructure and basic services, such as adequate and affordable housing, must be facilitated. The third theme
relates to environmental issues and socioenvironmental disasters, and includes the follow-up of implementation
of priority measure 82 referring to disasters caused by natural and socioenvironmental events, and priority
measure 83 on the development of natural resources. The 2030 Agenda, the New Urban Agenda and the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 also converge on this subject. Considerations are
mainly related to disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation and mitigation in territorial and urban
planning and management processes, which take into account the specific characteristics of age and gender.
Since the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development was adopted, it has been recognized
that territory is a determining factor of inequality in the region and that the rural population is at a clear
disadvantage according to most indicators of social well-being. This problem is systematic, although the
percentage of households with access to basic services has improved. It highlights a persistent lack of access
to basic rights in the most underdeveloped territories.
21