Draft first regional report on the implementation of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development

Chapter III
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
protection. 49 There are unfortunately no <strong>regional</strong> data on the subject and SDG indicator 3.7.1 on satisfied family
planning needs is not available by age. However, the country-level analysis that follows provides useful evidence.
In countries that have reliable data for the period, the reduction in adolescent fertility has been even sharper
(see table III.1). There are also a number of countries where it has been only small, while in some cases it has
actually increased. Disentangling national trends and their determinants is far beyond the scope of this <strong>report</strong>, but
the data in tables III.1 and III.2 can be used to draw some preliminary conclusions that are very suggestive for policy.
Table III.1
Latin America and the Caribbean (18 countries): specific fertility rates by age group (Montevideo Consensus
on Population and Development follow-up indicator B.10), before (around 2010), at the time of and after
the Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development
Country
Age
(years)
Before the Montevideo
Consensus on Population
and Development
At the time of the Montevideo
Consensus on Population
and Development
After the Montevideo
Consensus on Population
and Development
Argentina (2010, 2013 and 2014; SDG Indicators 15-19 67.2; 72.6 (censo 2010) 68.1 68.3
Global Database)
Belize (2011 and 2015/2016; Multiple Indicator 15-19 64.0 74.0
Cluster Surveys (MICS))
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) (2008, 2012 and 15-19 88.0 78.1 71.0
2016, census, National Institute of Statistics
(INE)-Demographic and Health Survey)
Brazil (2010, 2013 and 2015, SDG Indicators 15-19 67.4; 71 (censo 2012) 63.1 61.7
Global Database)
Colombia (Demographic and Health Surveys, 15-19 84.0 75.0
2010 and 2015)
Cuba (2010, 2013 and 2016, vital statistics) 15-19 51.9 52.8 50.8
10-14 1.1 1.3 1.4
Chile (2010, 2013, 2015, vital statistics) 15-19 53.9 47.0 39.3
10-14 1.5 1.5 1.2
Costa Rica (2010, 2013 and 201m6,
vital statistics)
Dominican Republic (2007, 2013, 2014,
Demographic and Health Surveys and MICS)
Ecuador (2009, 2013 and 2014, SDG Indicators
Global Database)
El Salvador (2008/2009 and 2014, National
Family Health Survey (FESAL) and MICS)
Guatemala (2008-2009 and 2014, National Mother
and Infant Health Survey (ENSMI) and MICS)
Guyana (2009 and 2014, Demographic and
Health Surveys and MICS)
Haiti (2012 and 2016/2017, Demographic and
Health Surveys)
Mexico (2009 and 2014 for ages 15-19, National
Survey of Demographic Dynamics (ENADID);
2010, 2013 and 2016 for ages 10-14, National
Population Council (CONAPO), official)
Paraguay (2008 and 2016, Demographic and
Health Surveys and MICS)
Peru (2010, 2013 and 2016, Demographic and
Family Health Survey (ENDES))
15-19 62.8 61.6 53.2
10-14 2.2 2.5 1.9
15-19 92; 116 (censo 2010) 90.0 89.0
15-19 64.56; 102 (Censo 2010) 59.6 56.5
15-19 89.0 74.0
15-19 98.0 92.0
15-19 101.0 74.0
15-19 66.0 55.0
15-19 69.5; 80.1 (censo 2010) 77.6
10-14 1.7 1.9 2.2
15-19 63.0 72.0
15-19 68.0 65.0 61.0
Uruguay (2010, 2013 and 2016, vital statistics) 15-19 59.9 60.9 50.3
10-14 1.4 1.5 1.0
Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), on the basis of United Nations, SDG Indicators Global Database [online] https://unstats.
un.org/sdgs/ and official information, vital statistics submitted by the countries, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), surveys on sexual and reproductive
health, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), National Survey of Demographic Dynamics (ENADID), Demographic and Family Health Surveys (ENDES) and
indirect estimation of the 2010 census round.
Note: According to the Mexican national <strong>report</strong>, vital statistics show the fertility of the group aged 15 to 19 dropping from 76.5 per 1,000 in 2013 to 74.4 per 1,000 in 2015.
49
This increase was incentivized because the sexual activity that is on the increase tends to be prior to union (and much prior to marriage), and in the overwhelming majority
of cases there is no reproductive intent (Rodríguez, Di Cesare and Páez, 2017). The rise in sexual activity prior to union is deduced from the fact that while sexual activity
in adolescence is becoming more frequent, union in adolescence is becoming a little less so. According to indicators B.12 of the Montevideo Consensus on Population and
Development and 5.3.1 of the SDGs for Latin America and the Caribbean, the proportion of women in unions before the age of 15 fell from 7.67% in 2010 to 6.82% in 2015
and the proportion in unions before the age of 18 fell from 30.28% in 2010 to 28.88% in 2015 (see [online] https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/database/?area=MDG_LAC).
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