The Law of War
The Law of War
The Law of War
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Civil uprising<br />
phase <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Syrian Civil<br />
<strong>War</strong> Violent<br />
suppression<br />
<strong>of</strong> peaceful<br />
protests<br />
Use <strong>of</strong> mass<br />
detention<br />
and torture<br />
<strong>of</strong> Syrian<br />
civilians and<br />
political<br />
prisoners<br />
Houla<br />
massacre<br />
Siege<br />
Aleppo<br />
Ghouta<br />
chemical<br />
attack<br />
<strong>of</strong><br />
2015 Douma<br />
market<br />
massacre<br />
Crimes against<br />
peace (armed<br />
suppression <strong>of</strong><br />
popular uprising<br />
leading to war)<br />
Crime <strong>of</strong> torture, war<br />
crimes<br />
Crimes<br />
humanity<br />
against<br />
Crimes against<br />
humanity, mass<br />
murder, massacre,<br />
attacks against<br />
civilians, use <strong>of</strong><br />
banned chemical and<br />
cluster weapons<br />
<strong>War</strong> crimes; use <strong>of</strong><br />
poison gas as a<br />
weapon<br />
no prosecutions<br />
no prosecutions<br />
Amnesty International estimated in<br />
February 2017 "that between 5,000<br />
and 13,000 people were<br />
extrajudicially<br />
executed<br />
at Saydnaya Prison between<br />
September 2011 and December<br />
2015."<br />
no prosecutions<br />
In August 2012, U.N. investigators<br />
released a report which stated that it<br />
was likely that Syrian troops and<br />
Shabiha militia were responsible for<br />
the massacre.<br />
no prosecutions war crimes emerged during the<br />
battle, including the use <strong>of</strong> chemical<br />
weapons by both Syrian<br />
government forces and rebel forces,<br />
the use barrel bombs by the Syrian<br />
Air Force, the dropping <strong>of</strong> cluster<br />
munitions on populated areas by<br />
Russian and Syrian forces, the<br />
carrying out <strong>of</strong> "double tap"<br />
airstrikes to target rescue workers<br />
responding to previous<br />
strikes, summary executions <strong>of</strong><br />
civilians and captured soldiers by<br />
both sides, indiscriminate shelling<br />
and use <strong>of</strong> highly<br />
inaccurate improvised artillery by<br />
rebel forces. During the 2016 Syrian<br />
government <strong>of</strong>fensive, the UN High<br />
Commissioner for Human<br />
Rights warned that "crimes <strong>of</strong><br />
historic proportions" were being<br />
committed in Aleppo.<br />
no prosecutions <strong>The</strong> Ghouta chemical attack<br />
occurred during the Syrian Civil <strong>War</strong><br />
in the early hours <strong>of</strong> 21 August<br />
2013. Several opposition-controlled<br />
areas in the suburbs around<br />
Damascus, Syria, were struck by<br />
rockets containing the chemical<br />
agent sarin. Estimates <strong>of</strong> the death<br />
toll range from at least 281 people<br />
to 1,729.<br />
<strong>War</strong> crimes no prosecutions <strong>The</strong> Syrian Air Force launched<br />
strikes on the rebel-held town <strong>of</strong><br />
Douma, northeast <strong>of</strong> Damascus,<br />
killing at least 96 civilians and<br />
injuring at least 200 others.<br />
Page 175 <strong>of</strong> 265
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