Usability of Digital Cameras for Verifying Physically Based ...

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verification will become more active as the demands of customers for accuracy guarantees in commercial rendering solutions grow. As a concluding remark it can be said that the groundwork in this field has been well laid, but that the task of developing robust, practicable solutions is still mostly before us. 98
A Radiometric and Photometric Quantities Photometric quantities consider only the visible part of the electromagnetic spec- trum and are weighted by the visibility factor V(λ), which is the photopic sens- itivity curve of the human eye. The quantities of the radiometric measurements correspond to photometric quantities, but consider the total amount of radiation with the watt replacing the lumen. Table 15 lists radiometric and corresponding photometric quantities. Radiometric Quantities Photometric Quantities Radiant Flux is the total radiant power that is either emitted by a source or received by a surface. The unit is watt [W ]. Radiant Intensity is the radiant power of a source emitted in a certain direction. The unit is watts per steradian [W · sr −1 ]. Irradiance is a measure of the total radiant flux incident on a surface. The unit is watts per square meter [W · m −2 ]. Radiance is the total radiant intensity emitted or reflected from a certain location on an emitting or reflecting surface in a particular direction. The unit is watts per steradian per square meter [W · sr −1 · m −2 ]. Luminous Flux is a measure of the energy emitted by a light source or received by a surface, weighted by the visibility factor V(λ). The SI unit of Luminous flux is the lumen [lm] or candela · steradian [cd · sr]. One lumen is defined as the amount of light that falls on a unit spherical area at unit distance from a light source of one candela. Luminous intensity is a measure of luminous flux emitted by a light source in a particular direction. The SI unit of luminous intensity is candela [cd]. Illuminance is the total luminous flux incident per unit area. It refers to the amount of incident light. The unit is lux [lx] or lumen per square meter [lm· m −2 ]. Luminance is the measure of luminous flux emitted from, or reflected by a surface. The unit is candela per square meter [cd · m −2 ]. Table 15: Radiometric and photometric quantities. 99
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DISSERTATION Usability of Digital C
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Kurzfassung Physically Based Render
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Acknowledgements I want to thank We
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3 Colorimetry 32 3.1 Color Spaces .
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E.5 Treating the Camera as a Black
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20 The CIE 1931 chromaticity diagra
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53 (a) Density plot for using the c
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List of Tables 1 Camera settings th
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1 Introduction In recent years, a l
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1.3 Applications of Physically Base
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matter are calculated in XYZ space.
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Figure 2: A photograph of the real
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(a) Photo (b) Default (c) 2 Bounces
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y a light source on top of the cube
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Figure 7: Points A to F were select
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Figure 9: A difference image of pho
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Figure 12: From top to bottom: a hi
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(a) Figure 13: (a) Left side: measu
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Figure 14: Six photocells were posi
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Figure 16: The left image shows a r
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(a) (b) Figure 18: (a) The validati
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shape of the caustic. 2.3 Analytica
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two test cases, but instead of the
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segments of the sphere and its actu
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of luminance [GJB80]. In XYZ color
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where L ∗ � � Y m = 903.3 Yn
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(a) (b) Figure 21: Chromaticity dia
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4 Digital Cameras Pattanaik et al.
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Figure 23: The RAW image data is co
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5 Physically Based Rendering System
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see section 7.4. By avoiding XYZ sp
Page 63 and 64: Figure 27: The sensor plane marking
Page 65 and 66: (a) (b) Figure 30: (a) ColorChecker
Page 67 and 68: available on MAC systems. We chose
Page 69 and 70: (a) (b) (c) Figure 34: Standard dev
Page 71 and 72: Figure 35: Eighty measurement spots
Page 73 and 74: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 37: (a) Lumi
Page 75 and 76: (a) (b) Figure 40: (a) Luminance di
Page 77 and 78: i \ j 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Page 79 and 80: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 43: (a) Lumi
Page 81 and 82: (a) (b) Figure 46: Standard deviati
Page 83 and 84: (a) (b) Figure 49: (a) The measurem
Page 85 and 86: of each patch using a spectrophotom
Page 87 and 88: Figure 51: L ∗ a ∗ b ∗ differ
Page 89 and 90: (a) (b) Figure 53: (a) Density plot
Page 91 and 92: (a) (b) (c) Figure 55: Histograms o
Page 93 and 94: Using an ICC profile obviously impr
Page 95 and 96: (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 58: Histogra
Page 97 and 98: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Min 0.50 0.49 0.13
Page 99 and 100: in the light transport simulation o
Page 101 and 102: the internal data of a camera and w
Page 103 and 104: etter results: One can measure the
Page 105 and 106: Figure 62: A Mathematica generated
Page 107 and 108: their internal color space. This mi
Page 109 and 110: Figure 66: Surface reflectance valu
Page 111 and 112: as bad compared to other methods. S
Page 113: in sufficient detail. The approach
Page 117 and 118: B.6 Goniophotometer A goniophotomet
Page 119 and 120: C.3 Color Chart Figure 68: A Konica
Page 121 and 122: D Web Resources of Validation Data
Page 123 and 124: 8 bit jpg 16 bit 29 11.58 11.52 11.
Page 127 and 128: E.2 Using an ICC Profile 8 bit jpg
Page 131 and 132: 8 bit jpg 16 bit 124 11.08 10.89 11
Page 133 and 134: 1 2 3 4 31 9.10 3.61 4.26 5.96 32 8
Page 135 and 136: 1 2 3 4 93 6.25 4.11 4.05 8.69 94 4
Page 137 and 138: E.4 Adaptive Mapping - Higher Order
Page 139 and 140: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 62 3.42 2.52 2.51 2
Page 141 and 142: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 124 2.10 2.14 2.96
Page 143 and 144: R G B 31 -38.94 -25.49 29.26 32 -9.
Page 145 and 146: R G B 93 103.86 109.28 55.06 94 31.
Page 147 and 148: References [3dS06] 3D Studio Max: w
Page 149 and 150: [HLR00] Guowei Hong, M. Ronnier Luo
Page 151 and 152: Color Imaging Conference, pages 250
Page 153: [VMKK00] V. Volevich, K. Myszkowski
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