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Himalayan Linguistics, Vol 10(1) Issues in Bahing orthography development Maureen Lee CNAS; SIL abstract Section 1 of this paper summarizes the community-based process of Bahing orthography development. Section 2 introduces the criteria used by the Bahing community members in deciding how Bahing sounds should be represented in the proposed Bahing orthography with Devanagari used as the script. This is followed by several sub-sections which present some of the issues involved in decision-making, the decisions made, and the rationale for these decisions for the proposed Bahing Devanagari orthography: Section 2.1 mentions the deletion of redundant Nepali Devanagari letters for the Bahing orthography; Section 2.2 discusses the introduction of new letters to represent Bahing sounds that do not exist in Nepali or are not distinctively represented in the Nepali Alphabet; Section 2.3 discusses the omission of certain dialectal Bahing sounds in the proposed Bahing orthography; and Section 2.4 discusses various length related issues. keywords Kiranti, Bahing language, Bahing orthography, orthography development, community-based orthography development A note on Tilung and its position within Kiranti Jean Robert Opgenort Bern University, Switzerland abstract This paper discusses the existence of phonological and lexical isoglosses in Tilung (Rai) and other Kiranti groups on the basis of the scanty materials available, which are some 140 words and other morphemes extracted from one article written by Sueyoshi Toba (2004) and a book written by Lal Rapaca (2006). The Tilung data were compared with language data from various other Kiranti languages and reconstructed Proto-Kiranti etyma. More than half of the collected Tilung words and other morphemes could be assigned to particular cognate groups. These groups illustrate the various phonological developments that have taken place in Tilung and mark important lexical isoglosses in Kiranti. It is shown that, with respect to development of initial obstruents, Tilung is remarkably similar to the Western Kiranti language Thulung. The shared phonological developments may perhaps have taken place at a time when pre-Tilung and pre-Thulung were spoken in a contiguous area. From a lexical view point, though, Tilung shares more etyma with Central and Eastern Kiranti languages than it does with Western Kiranti. The data presented support Hanßon’s (1991) claim that Tilung may well be a marginal member of Western Kiranti, since it shares a unique phonological isogloss with Thulung, but also confirms Toba’s (2004) report that Tilung is lexically more close to Central and Eastern Kiranti. keywords Tilung Rai, classification, Kiranti subgrouping, Proto-Kiranti reconstruction, historical phonology, lexical isoglosses, comparative and etymological Kiranti database xxviii
Observations on the phonology of Gamāle Khām Christopher P. Wilde SIL International abstract xxix Abstracts The aim of this study is to present preliminary findings from ongoing research of the Gamāle Khām language. The Gamāle variants presented here are spoken in the Gām, Kuipādhārā and Tamāli villages in north-eastern Rolpā of mid-western Nepal. I concentrate on the vowel and consonant contrasts of words elicited in isolation. Observations concerning phonotaxis are also considered. Phonation, tone and stress are only treated cursorily at present since their patterns are yet to be determined with any certainty. Where necessary, certain aspects of Gamāle phonology are compared with related Tibeto-Burman languages. keywords Gamale Kham, Magar, Rolpa, Gam, phonology, labial-palatal, phonation
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down - place -for HES HES HES house
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kja¹ mi² -nok" woɾu, tɑŋ² kʰ
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and.then + sun/day after (21) SICK
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carry -IMS soldier PL =DAT friend n
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sing-ATT.NMZ young.man-PL village-C
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D.DEM-DEF-ERG little.bit-little.bit
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(5) [ˈb̤luʔƃa] ; [ˈjoʔƃa]
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PK Hayu Sunwar Bahing Jero Wambule
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hear Gloss lie down one PK Hayu Sun
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