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Himalayan Linguistics, Vol 10(1) (19) a. jògè-cá ‘those (animate beings) up there’ b. pʰógè-cá ‘those (animate beings) over there’ 3 Conclusion In this paper, I have presented plural marking strategies for nouns and pronouns in Dolpo Tibetan while highlighting some similarities as well as differences in other spoken Tibetan varieties. It appears that the recasting of some older grammaticalized forms are challenging the semantic boundaries of the plural pronoun root, as well as creating a certain amount of redundancy. More investigation may show that this is a result of transition from older to newer forms. Speakers of Dolpo Tibetan focus on information flow of the broader discourse, definitiveness of noun reference, and other factors when considering whether and how to mark plurality. Currently, more investigation is being conducted on the conditions that determine number marking as well as the influence noun classification might exert on such decisions. abbreviations abl ablative ego egophoric n noun asser assertive erg ergative neg negative aux auxiliary ext existential nf non-final con conjunction foc focus pl plural cop copula fut future pst past dat dative gen genitive rfl reflexive excl exclusive incl inclusive test testimonial references Bartee, Ellen Lynn. 2007. A grammar of Dongwang Tibetan. Ph.D. diss, University of California, Santa Barbara. Beyer, Stephan V. 1992. The Classical Tibetan language. Albany: State University of New York Press. Corbett, Greville G. 2000. Number. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics]. DeLancey, Scott. 2003. “Classical Tibetan”. In: Thurgood, Graham; and LaPolla, Randy J. (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan languages, 255-269. London; New York: Routledge. Huber, Brigitte. 2002. The Lende subdialect of Kyirong Tibetan:A grammatical description with historical annotations. Ph.D. diss, Bern University. Kopp, Kevin. 2003. “A Phonemic Sketch of Dolpo Tibetan: A preliminary description”. Unpublished manuscript. Kretschmar, Monika. 1986. Erzählungen und Dialekt der Drokpas aus Südwest. Beiträge zur tibetischen Erzählforschung, Bd. 8. Sankt Augustin: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag. Kretschmar, Monika. 1995. Erzählungen und Dialekt aus Südmustang. Untersuchung zur Grammatik 296
297 Kopp: Plural marking in Dolpo Tibetan des Südmustang-Dialekt. Beiträge zur tibetischen Erzählforschung, Bd. 12. Bonn: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag. Tournadre, Nicholas; and Dorje, Sangda. 2003. Manual of Standard Tibetan: language and civilization. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications. Watters, Daniel P. 2002. “The Use of Tibetan Writing Conventions in Mugom”. Unpublished manuscript. Watters, Daniel P. 2008. “Dictionary of Mugu and Karmarong Tibetan”. Unpublished manuscript. Wylie, Turrell V. 1959. “A standard system of Tibetan transcription”. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 22: 261-267. Kevin A. Kopp ktmtkopp@yahoo.com
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volume 10 number 1 June 2011 himala
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Himalayan Linguistics Volume 10, Nu
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Michael Noonan in Nepal, sitting wi
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Works by David Watters Books Forthc
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xxi Works by David Watters 2006.
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DeLancey: Verb agreement prefixes i
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(6) amh bəyʔ-ne-wʔ food give-NON
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Singular Plural 1 maʔ-niŋ maʔ-nu
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(20) mín-rhê-reŋ-áŋ-cê 1OBJ
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43 Eppele: Language use among the B
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Figure 2. Language 9 areas by VDC 4
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(16) a. haŋ-ane // say-part Genett
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Greninger: Another look at storylin
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# Info Type Surface Marking Grening
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down - place -for HES HES HES house
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kja¹ mi² -nok" woɾu, tɑŋ² kʰ
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9 Background Activities Greninger:
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and.then + sun/day after (21) SICK
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carry -IMS soldier PL =DAT friend n
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sing-ATT.NMZ young.man-PL village-C
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D.DEM-DEF-ERG little.bit-little.bit
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(37) (a) *kurc-ya bɦormi stingy- S
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‘He is always late.’ (S) (b) ho
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3 Lexical correspondences with regi
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3.2 Distinguishing features of Gyal
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Hildebrandt and Perry: Preliminary
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Chart 2. Average Initial-Syllable V
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Chart 5. Average Vowel Intensity (d
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Verbs Hildebrandt and Perry: Prelim
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229 Lee: Issues in Bahing orthograp
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(5) [ˈb̤luʔƃa] ; [ˈjoʔƃa]
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(28) Words with Contrastive Short a
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