Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry - Institut za Stočarstvo

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Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 27 (2), p 171-181 , 2011 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.052:636.5 DOI:10.2298/BAH1102171P THE EFFECT OF GENOTYPE ON PRODUCTION AND SLAUGHTER PROPERTIES OF BROILER CHICKENS V. Petričević, Z. Pavlovski, Z. Škrbić, M. Lukić Institute for Animal Husbandry, Autoput 16, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Republic of Serbia Corresponding author: Veselin Petričević, e-mail: veselin5@live.com Original scientific paper Abstract: Objective of the research was to investigate the effect of genotype on production and slaughter properties of broiler chickens. The usual technology of broiler production was implemented, therefore fattening lasted 42 days. Trial included total of 2070 broiler chickens of following hybrids: Cobb 500, Ross 308 and Hubbard Classic. Chickens of genotypes Cobb 500 and Ross 308 realized significantly higher average body masses compared to Hubbard chickens. The highest mortality rate in the trial was recorded in Hubbard genotype. Chickens Cobb 500 and Ross 308 had the same feed conversion and statistically insignificant differences in production indices, whereas the values of these parameters in Hubbard chickens were significantly less favourable. The breast depth as carcass conformation measure showed no statistically significant differences between genotypes. Significantly higher values of breast angle were established in chickens of Cobb 500 compared to other two genotypes, whereas the highest values of thigh girth and the metatarsus length were established in Ross 308 chickens. Better slaughter results were obtained in carcasses of Cobb 500 genotype, chickens of both genders. Share of abdominal fat in percentage was similar in all genotypes, so the genotype had no significant effect on variation of this trait. Key words: broiler chickens, genotype, production results and slaughter properties. Introduction Test of broiler chickens is common selection measure carried out all over the world. The first broiler test in our country was carried out in 1967, Ejdupović et al. (1967), in order to compare production properties of domestic and foreign proveniences. Since 1991, there is no domestic poultry selection. Testing of different genotypes today is done in order to compare production and slaughter properties of foreign proveniences of fattening chickens. Identification of genetically superior hybrids is of great importance for production.
172 V. Petričević et al. For production of poultry meat in our country various hybrids are used, among which the following are predominant: Cobb 500, Ross 308, Hybro and Hubbard Classic. Comparison of their production performances in our rearing conditions is very important and interesting. Slaughter/carcass properties of different genotypes are always relevant subject of research. Quality of processed carcasses of broiler chickens can be evaluated from several aspects. Slaughter yields and presence of abdominal fat in carcass are major elements which determine the quality of processed carcasses of broiler chickens. Numerous factors influence these, as well as other elements of the quality of broiler meat. Of biological factors, genotype and gender have the greatest influence on the carcass quality, Bošković-Bogosavljević et al. (2004). Objective of this research was to determine the production and slaughter/carcass properties of broiler chickens of different genotypes which are present on our market. Materials and Methods Trial was carried out during March and April 2010, in Experimental centre of Institute for Animal Husbandry. As trial material, 690 one day old broiler chickens of every genotype - Cobb 500, Ross 308 and Hubbard Classic were selected. Chickens of every studied genotype, i.e. provenience were housed in six boxes according to random block system, so that the effect of potential differences in the environment would be reduced to the minimum. Chickens were fed 4 mixtures during the trial. Composition of mixtures is presented in Table 1. Feeding was ad libitum, mixture composition was equal for all proveniences. Mortality and consumption of feed were monitored per box, so that in the statistical processing of data unit of observation was the box. At the end of fattening (42 days) body masses of all chickens were measured. Based on data on body mass, feed conversion and mortality, the value of production index was calculated according to formula: Body mass (kg) x vitality(%) x 100 Production index = ---------------------------------------------------------- Duration of fattening (days) x feed conversion (kg/kg)
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PETROVIĆ D.M., GUTIĆ M., BOGOSAVL
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