Clusters and competitiveness - PRO INNO Europe

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• Gaining insight into a country’s situation in production terms. • Enabling intelligent dialogue between this (microeconomic) reality and the government of the day. • Helping this dialogue to achieve a strategic level. If such aims become tarnished, clusters will merely thicken the sludge of administration and bureaucracy that weighs down production activity. On the other hand, if clusters are used, one way or another, for the three purposes I have just mentioned by way of a final recommendation, then they will help to strengthen the country’s capacity to compete, giving its citizens more and better jobs, progress and wellbeing. 156 CLUSTERS AND COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF CATALONIA (1993-2010)
8. Bibliography Aragón, C.; Aranguren, Mª. J. and Iturrioz, C. (2010): La evaluación de la política de clusters de la CAPV. Baró, E. and Villafaña, C. (2009): La nova indústria: el sector central de l’economia catalana. Department of Enterprise and Labour. Catalan government. Becattini, G. (1986): Del ’sector industrial’ al ’districte industrial’: algunes consideracions sobre la unitat de recerca de l’economia industrial. Revista Econòmica de Catalunya, no. 1. Becattini, G. (2002): Del distrito industrial marshalliano a la ’teoría del distrito’ contemporánea. Una breve reconstrucción crítica. Investigaciones Regionales, 1. Becattini, G. (2004): Industrial Districts, A New Approach to Industrial Change, Edward Elgar Publications, Cheltenham. Becattini, G. (2004): Per un capitalismo dal volto umano. Critica dell’economia apolitica.Bollati Boringhieri, Turin. Becattini, G. (2007): Il calabrone Italia. Ricerche e ragionamenti sulla peculiarità economica italiana. Il Mulino Saggi, Bologna. Becattini, G. (2009): Il distretto industriale e il cluster d’imprese, in Becattini, G.: Ritorno al territorio, Il Mulino, Bologna. Becattini, G. (2009): Vicissitudini e potenzialità di un concetto: il distretto industriale a Becattini, G.: Ritorno al territorio, Il Mulino, Bologna. Becattini, G.; Bellandi, M. and De Propris, L. (2009): Critical Nodes and Contemporary Reflections on Industrial Districts: an Introduction, in Becattini, G.; Bellandi, M. and De Propris, L. (eds.): A Handbook of Industrial Districts, Edward Elgar, United Kingdom. Benneworth, P. and Henry, N. (2004): Where Is the Value Added in the Cluster Approach? Hermeneutic Theorising, Economic Geography and Clusters as a Multiperspectival Approach. Urban Studies, vol. 41, no. 5-6. Blanc, C. (2004): Pour un écosystème de la croissance: rapport au Premier Ministre, Paris. Conejos, J.; Duch, E.; Fontrodona, J.; Hernández, J. M et al. (1997): Canvi estratègic i clústers a Catalunya. Department of Trade, Industry and Tourism of the Catalan government. Conejos, J. and Hernández, J. M. (1999): La aplicación de la teoría de los clusters en Catalunya. Barcelona Management Review no. 10. Cortright, J. (2006): Making Sense of Clusters: Regional Competitiveness and Economic Development. Discussion Paper, The Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, March. Costa, M.T. (2004): El districte industrial marshallià i la nova política industrial a Catalunya. Talk given at the seminar “25 years of studies on the Marshallian industrial district: a critical appraisal”, held in Barcelona by the Menéndez Pelayo International University Consortium of Barcelona. 14 and 15 October 2004. ANNEX: CLUSTERS AND COMPETITIVENESS: FLORENCE, BOSTON, BARCELONA 157
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Clusters and competitiveness: the c
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Hernández Gascón, Joan Miquel Clu
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Acknowledgements Verymanypeople,com
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Index of tables Table 1. The local
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Figure 31. Textile distribution tre
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The term “cluster” is used to r
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The last effect of the new focus, a
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Figure 11. Map of the local industr
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Figure 14. Joint work scheme of the
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Figure 16. Main competitiveness rei
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Figure 33. The change in project de
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Catalonia was a pioneer in the use
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Cluster policy, understood as a ser
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A little theory: Marshall, Becattin
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However, the proliferation of regio
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the diversity of clusters themselve
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The first step: the competitive adv
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political environment which conditi
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Figure 2. The clusters of the futur
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1. To invest in lasting long-term c
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4.1 Introduction Following the impa
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4.2 First stage: 1993-2004 4.2.1 Me
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This working method led the members
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4.2.2 A case study: the leather tan
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added to this industry’s strong d
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Figure 9. Comparison between the pr
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Within this framework, Igualada’s
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4.2.3 Some lessons More than twenty
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Finally, and with the aim of transm
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the initial stage was selected, eli
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Table 1. The local production syste
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Table 3. Relative importance of ind
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2. Analysis of the business and str
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It should be noted that, during the
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Table 4. Types of competitiveness r
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Figure 18. Basic data for the kitch
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2. Specialised firms: normally fore
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Figure 22. Main strategic challenge
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Main actions carried out in the kit
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On the one hand, this change in men
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In 2009 the Catalan government’s
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As in most regions or countries tha
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countries in the 1990s. However, th
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For this reason, one of the most re
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total in 2005 was 66.7%; in the Bas
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Table 6.Trends in value added by la
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There was a considerable amount of
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With regard to strategies, the anal
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Table 7. Professional profiles of e
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In terms of the positive results ac
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In 2009, after over fifteen years
Page 108 and 109: Figure 33. The change in project de
Page 110 and 111: implementing the subsequent actions
Page 112 and 113: At the same time, the Directorate G
Page 114 and 115: Cluster policy, understood as a ser
Page 116 and 117: entirely to this topic. This centre
Page 118 and 119: It hasalreadybeenmentionedthatclust
Page 120 and 121: 2. Some rationale for territorial s
Page 122 and 123: Twomainreasonsjustifythispeculiarro
Page 124 and 125: of the specific interventions to re
Page 126 and 127: Sincethesenewpoliciesarestillinthei
Page 128 and 129: 7. References Altobelli, C.andCarna
Page 130 and 131: Schmitz, H. (1999): “Collective e
Page 132 and 133: 2. Clusters as building blocks of a
Page 134 and 135: Anumberofempiricalstudieslookatallt
Page 136 and 137: and othercompaniesthatturnintoaclus
Page 138 and 139: Thelackofagenerallyaccepteddefiniti
Page 140 and 141: aswellassupportersofclusterpolicy(a
Page 142 and 143: 3.3 Implementing cluster policy to
Page 144 and 145: as a way to leverage existing agglo
Page 146 and 147: Boekholt, Patrice and Shonie McKibb
Page 148 and 149: Fritsch, Michael and Viktor Slavtch
Page 150 and 151: Porter, Michael E.: Clusters and Co
Page 152 and 153: C. Clusters: a strategic tool Anton
Page 154 and 155: The other characteristic of our pro
Page 156 and 157: they arenotrepresentedbyotherassoci
Page 160 and 161: Diez, M. A. (2001): “The Evaluati
Page 164: Joan Miquel Hernández Gascón (Val
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