european journal of social sciences issn: 1450-2267 - EuroJournals

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Multivariate Analysis European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 5, Number 3 (2007) Table 5: A table showing the multinomial logistic regression model of the predictors of attitude towards Wife Battering among Nigerian women (NDHS 2003) Variables Modern Views/Ideas Traditional Views/Ideas Coefficient Odd Ratio Coefficient Odd Ratio Age -0.38* (0.17) 0.683367 0.09 (0.26) 1.097346 Region -0.18 (0.15) 0.839731 -0.18 (0.23) 0.839048 Type of Place of Residence -1.04 (0.62) 0.354182 0.95 (0.99 2.595684 Childhood Place of Residence -0.17 (0.40) 0.845705 0.40 (0.52) 1.484807 Type of Place of Previous Residence 0.79 (0.42) 2.208474 -0.47 (0.58) 0.623589 Highest Educational Level -0.05 (0.45) 0.953329 0.28 (0.73) 1.321809 Religious Affiliation -0.11 (0.26) 0.897341 -0.61 (0.40) 0.546158 Literacy -0.63 (0.47) 0.5307 -0.72 (0.63) 0.485711 Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine 0.42 (0.41) 1.528383 -2.17 (1.24) 0.114146 Frequency of listening to radio -0.01 (0.25) 0.989763 -0.05 (0.37) 0.94963 Frequency of watching television 0.09 (0.26) 1.096897 -0.69 (0.42) 0.501794 Current marital status 0.19 (0.36) 1.204598 0.37 (0.52) 1.442624 Number of Unions -0.20 (0.89) 0.820104 0.83 (0.98) 2.288687 Have ever been married -0.84 (1.20) 0.432656 0.03 (1.68) 1.026062 Wealth Index 0.50 (0.29) 1.639688 1.03* (0.43) 2.802626 Respondent’s Occupation -0.21 (0.20) 0.809787 0.01 (0.23) 1.004708 Portion of household expenditures respondent’s earnings pay -0.27 (0.25) 0.76293 0.02 (0.36) 1.021279 Who had the final say on own health care -0.60* (0.30) 0.548047 -0.07 (0.33) 0.933332 Who had the final say on making large household purchases 0.28 (0.36) 1.325485 -0.00 (0.47) 0.998738 Who had the final say on making household purchases for -0.32 (0.31) 0.723528 -0.17 (0.42) 0.843174 daily needs Who had the final say on visits to family or relatives -0.04 (0.31) 0.957802 0.82* (0.39) 2.27471 Constant 4.86 (3.02) 128.6709 -5.89 (4.74) 0.002775 N 2,920 1,537 *P
European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 5, Number 3 (2007) low-skilled occupation, living in the rural areas and the fact that an individual lived in the countryside during their childhood and so on will predispose them to traditional and patriarchal attitudes about wife beating. Thirty-nine percent of the respondents had no formal education and only 6.39% had beyond secondary education. It is believed that those with higher formal educational level will be better enlightened; thereby influencing the kind of attitude they have toward wife battering. Majority of the respondents were Moslems (47.31%), followed by Christians whether protestants or other Christians (35.77%) and religious affiliation was significantly correlated with attitude to wife battering. Women who identify with any religion that justify wife beating will likely hold on traditional attitude concerning such issue. Although, some Christian husbands or partners beat their wives when they are annoyed, the Christian Holy Book says “He that spares his rod hates his son: but he that loves him chastens him betimes”, and there is no place where wife battering was justified in the Scriptures. About half of the respondents are illiterates who can not read at all (48.80%), and this is thought to be associated one way or the other with holding traditional views or ideas about wife battering. Poverty is one of the reasons while many women depend on men for financial sustenance and this could predispose them to abuse from such men. Analysis of the wealth index reveals that 18.36% and 19.41% were categorised as belonging to the poorer and poorest groups respectively. Majority of the respondents never read newspaper or magazine (76.31%) with only 2.42% reading it almost everyday. About 36% and 22% listen to radio and watch television almost everyday respectively. These are mediums through which the societies get information for their development and betterment, and so to reach the vast majority of women in Nigeria with valuable information especially on the issues of violence against women, the radio will be the most appropriate means since more people are likely going to be reached through that medium than through other means. The pattern of gender power relation among the Nigerian populace is still typically patriarchal in nature as the results show. Husband/partner alone has the final say on the health of about half of them (48.63%); on more than half of decisions regarding large household purchases (51.64%); 42.59% of decisions about making household purchases for daily needs; 38.90% of decisions about visits to family or relatives and 32.45% of decisions regarding food to be cooked each day. The results further reveal high level of acceptability of wife battering among Nigerian women as forty-nine per cent believed that wife beating is justified if the wife goes out without telling the husband/partner, if the wife neglects the children (47.20%), if the wife argues with husband/partner (41.71%), if the wife refuses to have sex with husband/partner (35.29%), if the wife burns the food (29.21%), and if the food is not cooked (31.94%). This scenario has implications for the realisation of a domestic violence bill and its execution in Nigeria. The attitude of women towards wife battering will either make it a private issue hidden within the family or a public issue that can be reported and dealt with in the society. If women accept it as a duty of marriage and a normal cross to bear, they will not report such issue to the appropriate authorities for proper intervention and action, especially in a society where the extended family system is very powerful and influential. Multivariate results reveal that age and the person having the final say on a woman’s health care were significant predictors of women holding on to modern views or ideas about wife battering (P
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3. Result and Discussion 1. Profile
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Table 2: The Channels of the respon
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