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VARIÆ OBSERVATIONES CIRCA SERIES INFINITAS Índex ...

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24 PILAR BAYER<br />

D’altra banda, tenint en compte els valors de ζ(2) i ζ(4), dedueix que<br />

1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + · · · = 1<br />

4<br />

2<br />

=<br />

π2 <br />

1 + 1<br />

<br />

1<br />

+ + . . . ,<br />

32 52 1 − 2 3 + 3 3 − 4 3 + . . . = − 1<br />

8<br />

23<br />

= −<br />

π4 <br />

1 + 1<br />

3<br />

A partir d’aquí, Euler dedueix les identitats següents:<br />

1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + · · ·<br />

1 − 1 1 1 1 1<br />

+ − + − + · · ·<br />

22 32 42 52 62 1 2 − 2 2 + 3 2 − 4 2 + 5 2 − 6 2 + · · ·<br />

1 − 1 1 1 1 1<br />

+ − + − + · · ·<br />

23 33 43 53 63 1 3 − 2 3 + 3 3 − 4 3 + 5 3 − 6 3 + · · ·<br />

1 − 1 1 1 1 1<br />

+ − + − + · · ·<br />

24 34 44 54 64 1 4 − 2 4 + 3 4 − 4 4 + 5 4 − 6 4 + · · ·<br />

= 1 · (22 − 1)<br />

,<br />

(2 − 1)π2 = 0,<br />

1 − 1<br />

= 0,<br />

1 1 1 1<br />

+ − + − + · · ·<br />

25 35 45 55 65 i conjectura que la funció<br />

∞<br />

Φ(s) :=<br />

n=1<br />

(−1) n<br />

n s ,<br />

<br />

1<br />

+ + · · · .<br />

4 54 = − 1 · 2 · 3 · (24 − 1)<br />

(23 − 1)π4 ,<br />

satisfà l’equació funcional<br />

Φ(1 − n)<br />

Φ(n) =<br />

⎧<br />

⎨<br />

⎩<br />

0, si n és senar,<br />

(−1) (n/2)+1 (2 n − 1)(n − 1)!<br />

(2 n−1 − 1)π n , si n és parell,<br />

per a tot n ≥ 2. Per a n = 1, considera que<br />

1 − 1 + 1 − 1 + · · ·<br />

1 − 1 1 1<br />

+ − + · · ·<br />

2 3 4<br />

= 1<br />

2 ln 2 .

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