PRONOS'TIQUES DES BRULURES - minsante-cdnss.cm

SUMMARYBurns are a frequent traumatic pathology and the high rate of incidenceassociated to a very high mortality rate are a source of concem even in developedcountries with high levels ofincorne and modern therapeutic techniques.If the frequency of burns in general cannot be determined in our environmentdue to the high nurnber of cases of burns treated at home or simply neglected, thatof severe burns can be detennined in our different hospitals. That's why wedecided to detennine the epidemiological aspects of severe thermal burns and toenvironment.To achieve this we decided to carry out a retrospective and prospective studyonchildren from 0 to 15 years hospitalised for severe thermal bums. This study wascarried out in the following hospitals: Yaoundé Central Hospital, the UniversityTeaching Hospital Yaoundé~ the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and PaediatricHospital and the Douala Burns Centre. This was donc over a period of 14 rnonthsand recorded 68 cases ofsevere thermal bums in children.Hot liquids are the first cause of severe thermal burns of children in ourenvironment, among which hot water is fust with 52,94% ofcases, followed by hotfoods 13,24 %, and hot oils 10,29 % of cases. After hot liquids, flame burnsrepresent 17,65% of causes, within which domestic gas explosions, kerosene, andother fIfe disasters are the major causes.The most affected ages range from 1 to 5 years old with 48.53 % of cases andthe male sex is more predominant with 52.94% of cases against 47.16% for thefemale seXeAbout the clinical impact, these lesions ranged from 5 to 83% of burned skinsurface area, with many cases between 20 and 40% (45,58 % of cases) of burnedskin surface area.Thèse de Doctorat en Médecine : Aspects Epidémiologiques et Pronostiques des Brûlures Thenniques Graveschez l'Enfantxx