You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
3.5 siCqareTa Sekrebis<br />
relativisturi kanoni<br />
siCqareTa Sekrebis kanons fardobiTobis specialur TeoriaSi aqvs saxe:<br />
v<br />
v1 v2<br />
=<br />
+ . (1)<br />
1<br />
vv +<br />
1 2<br />
2<br />
c<br />
sadac v 1<br />
aris sxeulis siCqare moZravi aTvlis sistemis mimarT, v 2<br />
–<br />
moZravi aTvlis sistemis siCqare uZravis mimarT, v – sxeulis siCqare<br />
uZravi aTvlis sistemis mimarT. formula marTebulia, rodesac v 1<br />
da v 2<br />
erTi wrfis gaswvrivaa mimarTuli. Tu v 1<br />
da v 2<br />
urTierTsapirispirod<br />
aris mimarTuli da erT-erTi sxeulis siCqares CavTvliT dadebiTad,<br />
maSin meore sxeulis siCqaris win (1) formulaSi `-~ daiwera. klasikuri<br />
kanonisagan gansxvavebiT mas siCqareTa Sekrebis relativistur kanons<br />
uwodeben. sadac c=3 . 10 5 km/wm sinaTlis siCqarea vakuumSi. (1)-is analizis<br />
safuZvelze SesaZlebelia mTeli rigi daskvnebis gakeTeba.<br />
1. motoriani navi moZraobs mdinaris dinebis mimar<br />
<br />
TulebiT mdi naris mimarT v 1<br />
=20 km/sT siCqariT. mdinaris<br />
siCqare napiris mimarT v 2<br />
=10 km/sT. rogoria Tqveni<br />
vara udi, aris Tu ara navis siCqaris mo duli napiris mimarT<br />
fardobiTobis Teoriidan gamomdinareobs, rom navis siCqaris moduli<br />
napiris mimarT gamoisaxeba formuliT: v<br />
v1 v2<br />
=<br />
+ ,<br />
1<br />
vv +<br />
1 2<br />
2<br />
c<br />
sadac c=3 . 10 5 km/wm sinaTlis siCqarea vakuumSi.<br />
(1): v=29,9999999999999860 km/sT.<br />
(1) da (2) formulebiT gansazRvrul siCqareTa modulebs Soris gansxvaveba<br />
imdenad mcirea, rom praqtikulad misi aRmoCena SeuZlebelia<br />
da cxadia, moduliT mcire siCqariT moZraobisas (2) formula savsebiT<br />
marTebulia. magram, Tu v 1<br />
da v 2<br />
(an erT-erTi maTgani) sinaTlis siCqares<br />
uaxlovdeba (vTqvaT, v 1<br />
≈c), maSin (2) formula mcdar Sedegs gvaZlevs _<br />
rezultaturi siCqare sinaTlis siCqa reze meti aRmoCndeba. maSin, rodesac<br />
fardobiTobis Teoriidan gamomdi nareobs, rom arc erT sxeuls ar SeuZlia<br />
imoZraos sinaTlis siCqareze meti, an Tundac toli siC qa riT. marTlac<br />
(1):<br />
v=v 1<br />
+v 2<br />
=30km/sT? (2)<br />
sinaTlis siCqare _ 3 . 10 8 m/wm _ zRvru li, magram sxeulebisaTvis miuwvdo<br />
meli siCqarea.<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom Sesakreb siCqareTa mniSvnelobebis jami aRemateba<br />
sinaTlis siCqares, sxeulis v siCqaris mniSvneloba _ e. i. siCqare uZravi<br />
inerciuli aTvlis sistemis mimarT ar aRemateba c-s. aqedan gamomdinareobs,<br />
rom sinaTlis gavrcelebis siCqare zRvruli siCqarea _ SeuZlebelia<br />
78