Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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herman Svarci<br />
daWras mxolod konstituciuri da ramdenime<br />
sxva sakiTxi, rogorc germaniaSia. zemoT xsenebul<br />
SemTxvevaSi bolo instanciad gvevlineba<br />
uzenaesi sasamarTlo, Semdgari saerTo<br />
sasamarTlos mosamarTleebisgan, romlebic<br />
iniSnebian mTeli sicocxlis vadiT da, rogorc<br />
wesi, ganixilaven saCivrebs qvemdgomi<br />
sasamarTloebisagan. maTi movaleobaa, miiRon<br />
gadawyvetileba konkretul saqmeebze, Cveulebriv,<br />
isini mxolod im SemTxvevaSi ganixilaven<br />
konstituciur sakiTxebs, Tu es davis daregulirebisaTvis<br />
aucilebelia. sakonstitucio<br />
sasamarTlos wevrebis umravlesoba samarTlis<br />
pr<strong>of</strong>esorebi arian, danarCenebs ar aqvT saer-<br />
To sasamarTloebSi muSaobis gamocdileba da<br />
rCebian am poziciaze erTi an meti 8-12 wliani<br />
vadiT. isini ganixilaven konstituciur saki-<br />
Txebs, Tu es aris xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis<br />
moTxovna, saerTo sasamarTloebis da<br />
bevr qveyanaSi rigiT moqalaqeTa sarCelebs,<br />
romlebic amtkiceben, rom maTi uflebebi<br />
dairRva. ganviTarebadi demokratiis qveynebis<br />
umravlesobam gadawyvita SeeqmnaT sakonstitucio<br />
sasamarTloebi, nawilobriv imitom,<br />
rom saerTo sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis<br />
mier sasamarTlo sistemis kontroli ar aris<br />
maTi praqtika da nawilobriv imitomac, rom<br />
isini undoblobas ucxadeben arsebul sasamarTlo<br />
sistemas.<br />
rogori sistemac ar unda iqnes SerCeuli,<br />
konstituciam detalurad unda daadginos sasamarTloebis<br />
uflebamosileba, rom SesaZlebeli<br />
iyos konstituciasTan SeuTavsebadi<br />
kanonebisa da sxva normebis anulireba. Tu arsebobs<br />
sakonstitucio sasamarTlo, is ar unda<br />
iyos datvirTuli gansxvavebuli valdebulebebiT.<br />
misi saqmianobis udidesi nawili iqneba<br />
sadavo, vinaidan misi erT-erTi umTavresi<br />
funqcia, gansakuTrebiT sawyis etapze, aris<br />
konstituciuri sazRvrebis dadgena samTavrobo<br />
uwyebebs Soris. agreTve, sakonstitucio<br />
sasamarTlos zogjer mouwevs xelisuflebis<br />
sawinaaRmdego gadawyvetilebebis gamotana<br />
adamianis uflebebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.<br />
yvela aseT SemTxvevaSi, is xSirad iqneba<br />
damarcxebulTa mier mkacrad gakritikebuli.<br />
Kkonstituciam ar unda gaaormagos aseTi SetevebiT<br />
gamowveuli SemTxvevebi, rac gamowveulia,<br />
magaliTad, sakonstitucio tribunalisaTvis<br />
gansaxilvelad arakonstituciuri<br />
sakiTxebis miwodebiT, sawyis etapze mainc,<br />
radganac isini ganicdian prestiJis da sazogadoebrivi<br />
mxardaWeris naklebobas, razec<br />
maTi efeqturunarianobaa damokidebuli.<br />
damoukidebeli sasamarTlo sistemis mxaris<br />
daWera aris kidev erTi mizezi imisa, Tu<br />
ratom ar unda iyos konstitucia Zalian mokle.<br />
rac ufro konkretulia konstitucia,<br />
miT ufro martivi iqneba sasamarTloebisaTvis<br />
dokumentSi Sesabamis debulebaze miTiTeba<br />
sadavo gadawyvetilebebis dasacavad, aseve,<br />
isini ufro naklebad iqnebian ganxiluli rogorc<br />
subieqturi Sexedulebebis Sesabamisad<br />
moqmedni.<br />
radganac sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebi<br />
xSirad <strong>pol</strong>itikurad mgrZnobiarea, maTi damoukidebloba<br />
da uzenaesoba konstituciiT<br />
unda iyos garantirebuli. sasamarTlo sistema<br />
unda iyos ara iusticiis saministros daqvemdebarebis<br />
qveS, aramed xelisuflebis damoukidebeli<br />
Sto dadgenili vadiT. sasamarTlo<br />
sistemam unda gaakontrolos Tavisi finansuri<br />
da administraciuli saqmianoba, Tavisufali<br />
unda iyos aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis<br />
Carevisagan, magram unda moxdes biujetis<br />
kontroli sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis mier.<br />
konstituciam agreTve unda uzrunvelyos,<br />
rom is gamoiyenebodes dabali instanciis mosamarTleebis<br />
mier gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisas.<br />
bevr axal demokratiaSi, Zalian xSirad,<br />
es mosamarTleebi gadawyvetilebis miRebisas<br />
uars acxadeben konstituciur sakiTxebze.<br />
adamianis uflebaTa dacva<br />
rogorc es dadgenilia, konstitucia unda<br />
icavdes adamianis uflebebs da sasamarTloebma,<br />
gansakuTrebiT specialurma konstituciurma<br />
tribunalebma unda iTamaSon mTavari<br />
roli am dacvis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>isaTvis. pirvelad<br />
es aSS-is uzenaesma sasamarTlom ganavi-<br />
Tara, magram exla sasamarTlo tribunalebi<br />
ms<strong>of</strong>lios masStabiT aRiareben am pasuxismgeblobas.<br />
rodesac saqme exeboda adamianis<br />
uflebaTa saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebis ratifikacias<br />
maTi mTavrobebis mier, mosamarTleebma<br />
miiCnies, rom valdebuli iyvnen, ganexilaT<br />
es xelSekrulebebi. isini xSirad Tvalyurs<br />
adevnebdnen imas, Tu rogor wyvetdnen msgavs<br />
problemebs sxva sasamarTloebi. Sedegad<br />
ki Seiqmna adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso<br />
sakonstitucio samarTali.<br />
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