Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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konstituciis mSeneblobis safexurebi<br />
SeiZleba uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>il iqnes Zlieri, energiuli<br />
xelmZRvaneloba. Tumca stabiluroba<br />
SeiZleba gadaizardos mouqnelobaSi da arapopularuli,<br />
araefeqturi prezidentis Secvla<br />
SeuZlebelia moxdes mmarTvelobiTi periodis<br />
amowurvamde. ufro metic, sakanonmdeblo organos<br />
sxvadasxva <strong>pol</strong>itikuri partiis mier<br />
marTvam SeiZleba migviyvanos sakanonmdeblo<br />
Cixamde. Tu es day<strong>of</strong>a iarsebebs, saxelmwifo<br />
mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi ver SeZlebs normalurad<br />
funqcionirebas.<br />
saparlamento sistemaSi, parlamenti saar-<br />
Cevno legitimurobis erTaderTi wyaroa. ar<br />
xdeba Zalauflebis gay<strong>of</strong>a sakanonmdeblo da<br />
aRmasrulebel xelisuflebebs Soris. sasamarTlo<br />
xelisufleba, ra Tqma unda, damoukidebelia,<br />
magram imy<strong>of</strong>eba sakanonmdeblo<br />
sferos miRma. rac Seexeba aRmasrulebel<br />
xelisuflebas, romelsac xSirad mTavrobas<br />
uwodeben, imarTeba premier-ministris mier,<br />
romelsac irCevs is partia, romelic umravlesobiT<br />
modis parlamentSi an koaliciis<br />
mier, romelic Semdgaria kanonmdebelTa umravlesobisgan.<br />
qveynis mmarTveli gaxlavT prezidenti<br />
cotaodeni ZalauflebiT da irCeva<br />
parlamentis mier. premier-ministri da mTavroba<br />
arian pasuxismgebeli parlamentis winaSe<br />
da SeiZleba daTxovnil iqnen swored parlamentis<br />
mier. arCevnebis Catareba SeiZleba<br />
nebismier dros, moqnilobis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>iT.<br />
vinaidan ar arsebobs formaluri day<strong>of</strong>a sakanonmdeblo<br />
da aRmasrulebel xelisuflebaTa<br />
Zalauflebebs Soris, Sesabamisad, arsebobs<br />
gamouval mdgomareobaSi aRmoCenis naklebi<br />
Sansi imdenad, ramdenadac mTavroba an premier-ministri,<br />
romelic kargavs parlamentis<br />
ndobas, SeiZleba daTxovnil iqnes mis mier.<br />
saparlamento sistemam SeiZleba gamoiwvios<br />
xelisuflebis xSiri cvlileba da didi arastabiluroba.<br />
agreTve mas SeuZlia warmoqmnas<br />
<strong>pol</strong>itikaSi radikaluri cvlilebebi, rodesac<br />
opozicia modis umravlesobiT, romelmac<br />
SeiZleba gamoiwvios sxvadasxva saxis arastabiluroba.<br />
ar arsebobs aSkara pasuxi imaze, Tu romeli<br />
sistemaa ukeTesi. arCevani xSirad damokidebulia<br />
istoriaze, konkretuli drois moTxovnebze<br />
da sxva faqtorebze. sabWoTa blokis<br />
y<strong>of</strong>ilma wevr-saxelmwfoebma sabWoTa kavSiris<br />
farglebs gareT, agreTve baltiispireTis<br />
qveynebma danerges saparlamento reJimi, radganac<br />
maT undodaT, gamxdariyvnen dasavleT<br />
evropis nawili, romelic TiTqmis saparlamentoa.<br />
sabWoTa kavSiris y<strong>of</strong>ilma, arabaltiispireTis<br />
qveynebma danerges saprezidento<br />
sistem a.<br />
agreTve, unda gadawydes sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba<br />
unikameruli (erTpalatiani) unda<br />
iyos Tu bikameruli (orpalatiani)sistemis.<br />
Tu saxelmwifo federaluria, met-naklebad<br />
avtonomiuri Semadgeneli erTeulebiT, rogoric<br />
aris aSS da germania, sasurvelia, Tu iqneba<br />
meore (Cveulebriv zeda palata rogorc<br />
aSS-is senati) sakanonmdeblo palata, romelic<br />
warmoadgens Semadgeneli erTeulebis interesebs.<br />
meore palata, garkveul sferoebSi,<br />
rogoricaa gadasaxadebi da sasamarTlo, aseve<br />
avtonomiasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi, zogjer<br />
SezRudulia gadawyvetilebaTa miRebaSi.<br />
meore palatis y<strong>of</strong>na-ary<strong>of</strong>na wamoWris kidev<br />
erT kiTxvas: ramdenad centralizebuli<br />
unda iyos saxelmwifo? ra uflebamosilebebiT<br />
unda sargeblobdnen da ramdenad avtonomiurebi<br />
unda iyvnen regionebi da nacionaluri<br />
erTeulebi? ramdenad damoukideblebi<br />
iqnebian qalaqebi da s<strong>of</strong>lebi? SesaZleblobebis<br />
diapazoni farToa absoluturi avtonomiis<br />
mqone erTeulebidan srul centralur<br />
kontrolamde. kargi mizezia imisa, rom nebadarTuli<br />
iyos meti avtonomia adgilobrivi da<br />
regionaluri erTeulebisaTvis, radgan isini<br />
efeqturad SeZleben marTon, vinaidan centraluri<br />
administraciisaTvis xSirad ucnobia adgilobrivi<br />
pirobebi da saWiroebebi. agreTve,<br />
adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobaSi CarTuloba<br />
sTavazobs xalxs saSualebas, pirdapir miiRon<br />
monawileoba mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebis<br />
miRebaSi, romlebic imoqmedebs maT cxovrebaze<br />
da es SesaZloa demokratiuli TviTmmar-<br />
Tvelobis mniSvnelovani nawili iyos.<br />
sasamarTlo sistema<br />
istoriam aCvena damoukidebeli sasamarTlo<br />
sistemis aucilebloba, romelsac SeuZlia<br />
uzrunvelyos is, rom xelisuflebis danarCenma<br />
orma Stom ar gadaaWarbos konstituciiT<br />
miniWebul uflebamosilebas, rodesac saqme<br />
exeba adamianTa uflebebs. es SesaZloa iyos<br />
mudmivi sasamarTlo sistema, rogorc aSS-Sia<br />
an specialuri tribunali, sakonstitucio<br />
sasamarTlo, romelic uflebamosilia, ga-<br />
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