Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia

jeremi makbraidi
piri xelisuflebis mier dakavebis Semdeg gau-
Cinarda 50 . zogierT SemTxvevaSi Zalis ukanono
gamoyenebaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis sisxlis
samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi dauyovnebliv micema
praqtikulad SeuZlebelia, magram Tu viTarebis
gamosworebis Semdegac Tu braleuli pirebis
mimarT gamoZieba ar iqna warmoebuli,
sasamarTlo me-2 muxlis darRvevas daadgens
Sesabamisi mtkicebulebebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi.
SesaZlebelia, amnistia gamarTlebuli
iyos daZabulobis gansamuxtavad 51 , magram aman
ar unda moaxdinos zegavlena naTesavebis samoqalaqo
sarCelze 52 .
piris sikvdiliT dasja sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis
gareSe verasodes gamarTldeba 53 da
sikvdiliT dasja ar SeiZleba gamoyenebuli
iqnes me-13 oqmis xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis
mier konfliqtis dros. Tumca im saxelmwifoebSic
ki, sadac sikvdiliT dasja SeiZleba
Sefardebuli iqnes konfliqtis viTarebaSi 54 ,
arsebuli mdgomareobis sirTule xels SeuSlida
pirs misi saqmis samarTlian sasamarTlo
ganxilvaSi, rac aucilebelia msgavsi ganaCenis
miRebamde 55 da aRniSnuli sicocxlis uflebis
darRveva iqneboda.
Tumca konfliqtis zonebSi arsebuli viTareba
qmnides gakveul problemebs areulobis
warmoSobis TvalsazrisiT, mainc arsebobs
valdebuleba me-2 muxlis safuZvelze, rom xelisuflebis
xelT arsebuli pirebi iRebdnen
samedicino daxmarebas sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi
daavadebaTa Tu dazianebebis gamo 56 .
2. me-3 muxli _ wamebis akrZalva
aRniSnuli garantiis gansakuTrebuli xasiaTi,
romelic imaSi mdgomareobs, rom ar
SeiZleba misgan gadaxveva, gulisxmobs imas,
rom mopyrobis standartze, romelsac igi
moiTxovs, ar SeiZleba zegavlena moaxdinos
50
ix. mahmuT kaia (Mahmut Kaya) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 22535/93,
28 marti, 2000, ifran bilgini (Irfan Bilgin) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg,
25659/94, 17 ivlisi 2001 da kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg,
25781/94, 10 maisi, 2001 [GC].
51
ix. ganacxadi 16734/90, diuJardani (Dujardin) da sxvebi safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg, 72 DR 236 (1991).
52
ix. Tavi a.1. im SezRudvebis Taobaze, romlebic mTlianad
ar gamoricxaven uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs.
53
ix. bazorkina (Bazorkina) ruseTis winaaRmdeg, 69481/01, 27
ivlisi 2006.
54
azerbaijani, espaneTi, italia, latvia, portugalia, safrangeTi,
somxeTi arian is saxelmwifoebi, romlebsac jerac ar
mouxdeniaT me-13 oqmis ratifikacia.
55
ix. ojalani (Öcalan) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 46221/99, 12 maisi,
2005 [GC].
56
kenani (Keenan) gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 27229/95,
3 aprili, 2001 da angelova (Anguelova) bulgareTis winaaRmdeg,
38361/97, 13 ivnisi 2002.
konfliqtis an areulobis arsebobam, miT
umetes, mocemuli garantia ganmtkicebulia
Jenevis konvenciebisa da misi oqmebis analogiuri
moTxovnebiT.
marTalia, zemoaRniSnuli niSnavs imas, rom
fizikuri da moraluri mopyroba, romelic
ukve Sefasebulia rogorc arasaTanado 57 , ar
SeiZleba gamarTldes im seriozuli problemebisa
da daZabulobebis momizezebiT, romlebsac
msgavsi situaciebi gardauvlad warmoSobs
an maTSi gareul pirTa qmedebebis savaraudod
ukanono xasiaTiT 58 . gansakuTrebuli yuradReba
unda mieqces saTanado zomebis xelmisawvdomobis
uzrunvelyofas, raTa arasaTanado
mopyrobis saCivrebis pasuxad Sesabamisi
zomebi iqnes miRebuli. reagirebis valdebuleba
gulisxmobs srulfasovani da efeqtiani
gamoZiebis Catarebas 59 . gasaTvaliswinebelia
isic, rom zemoaRniSnul situaciebs SeiZleba
garkveuli dabneuloba axldes Tan da agreTve
usafrTxoebis dacvis momizezebiT Sesabamisi
zomebi dagviandes.
SesaZloa gamoZieba garkveuli SeyovnebiT
iyos warmoebuli, sruli araprofesionalizmi
da pasiuroba miuRebelia. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania,
rom miRebuli iqnes zomebi mtkicebulebis
gasamagreblad da mowmeTa vinaobis
dasadgenad.
amasTan, arsebiTi mniSvneloba eniWeba imas,
rom piris dazianebis Taobaze micemuli ganmartebebi
umkacres Semowmebas unda eqvemdebarebodes
60 . aseT SemTxvevebSi sisxlis samarTlis
devnis dauyovnebeli aRZvra savaraudo
damnaSaveTa mimarT SesaZloa ver moxerxdes,
magram situaciis daregulirebis Semdegac Tu
ver moxerxda maTi pasuxisgebaSi micema, konvenciis
darRvevas gamoiwvevs 61 . dauSvebelia ara-
57
ix. irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 5310/71,
18 ianvari, 1978, aqsoi (Aksoy) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 21987/93,
18 dekemberi, 1996, aidini (Aydin) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg,
23178/94, 25 seqtemberi, 1997, [GC] selmuni (Selmouni) safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg, 25803/94, 28 ivlisi, 1999 [GC], saTiki (Satik)
da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 31866/96, 10 oqtomberi, 2000,
reboki (Rehbock) slovakeTis winaaRmdeg, 29462/95, 28 noemberi,
2000 da poltoracki (Poltoratskiy) ukrainis winaaRmdeg,
38812/97, 29 aprili, 2003.
58
Cahali (Chahal) gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 22414/93,
15 noemberi, 1996 [GC].
59
ix. aidini (Aydin) TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 23178/94, 25 seqtemberi,
1997 [GC], selmuni (Selmouni)safrangeTis winaaRmdeg,
25803/94, 28 ivlisi, 1999 [GC], labita (Labita) italiis winaaRmdeg,
26772/95, 6 aprili, 2000 [GC] da Citaevi (Chitayev) da
Citaevi (Chitayev) ruseTis winaaRmdeg, 59334/00, 18 ianvari, 2007.
60
tomazi (Tomasi) safrangeTis winaaRmdeg, 12850/87, 27 agvisto,
1992 da ribiCi (Ribitsch) avstriis winaaRmdeg, 18896/91, 4
dekemberi, 1995.
61
ix. egmezi (Egmez) kviprosis winaaRmdeg, 30873/96, 21 dekemberi,
2000 da al adsani (Al-Adsani) gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg,
35763/97, 21 noemberi, 2001.
26