Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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jeremi makbraidi<br />
adgili rom hqonoda ufro arsebiT blokadas,<br />
iqneboda es sazRvao Tu sahaero sivrcis<br />
meSveobiT, SeiZleba maSin qmediTi kontrolis<br />
mdgomareoba dadgeniliyo.<br />
yvela im saqmeze, romlebSic qmediTi kontrolia<br />
dadgenili, es kontroli xorcieldeboda<br />
meore wevri saxelmwifos teritoriaze. Tumca<br />
sasamarTlos palatam daaskvna, rom aRniSnuli<br />
ar gamoricxavs SesaZleblobas, samxedro<br />
operaciis meSveobiT wevri saxelmwifo<br />
axorcielebdes droebiT qmediT kontrols im<br />
saxelmwifos teritoriaze, romelic ar aris<br />
konvenciis xelSemkvreli mxare. am SemTxvevaSi,<br />
Tu iqneboda sakmarisi faqtobrivi safuZveli,<br />
rom gvefiqra, mocemul dros, konvenciiT gavaliswinebuli<br />
uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis<br />
darRveviT dazaralebulebi imy<strong>of</strong>ebodnen<br />
mocemul teritoriaze, maTi uflebebis<br />
darRvevaze pasuxismgebeli iqneboda konvenciis<br />
wevri saxelmwifo da ara is saxelmwifo,<br />
romlis teritoriazec Cadenili iqna darRveva,<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom es teritoria calsaxad<br />
konvenciis xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis<br />
iurisdiqciis (espace juridique) gareT iyo 223 .<br />
jer kidev gadasawyvetia, qmediTi kontrolis<br />
dadgena aseT SemTxvevebSi moicavs Tu ara ase-<br />
Ti kontrolis Sinaarsis dadgenas, radgan ZiriTadi<br />
mosazreba am SemTxvevaSi aris is, rom<br />
Tavidan iqnes acilebuli `adamianis uflebaTa<br />
sistemaSi vakuumi.~ 224 aseve gasarkvevia didi<br />
palatis cnobili regionuli aqcenti uars<br />
aTqmevinebda Tu ara mas pasuxismgeblobis arsebobaze<br />
mocemul SemTxvevaSi, roca qmedeba<br />
scildeba wevri saxelmwifoebis teritorias,<br />
miuxedavad ganxorcielebuli kontrolis xarisxisa<br />
225 .<br />
aseve dgeba arateritoriuli wevri saxelmwifos<br />
pasuxismgebloba, romelic axorcielebs<br />
qmediT kontrols meore wevri saxelmwifos<br />
teritoriaze, roca pirveli saxelmwifos<br />
xelisufleba eTanxmeba an mimnebeblobas<br />
iCens kerZo pirTa mier konvenciis darRvevis<br />
faqtebis mimarT okupirebul da, Sesabamisad,<br />
223<br />
isa (Issa) da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 31821/96, 16 noemberi,<br />
2004. Tumca msgavsi kontrolis Sesaxeb mtkicebuleba<br />
ar arsebobs.<br />
224<br />
igiveze gamaxvilda yuradReba saqmeze kviprosi TurqeTis<br />
winaaRmdeg, 25781/94, 10 maisi, 2001 [GC] da ganmtkicda saqmeze<br />
bankoviCi (Banković) da sxvebi belgiis da sxvebis winaaRmdeg<br />
(ganCineba), 52207/99, 12 dekemberi, 2001 [GC].<br />
225<br />
am mizeziT, lordTa palatis umravlesoba saqmeze al skeini<br />
(Al-Skeini) Tavdacvis saxelmwifo mdivnis winaaRmdeg [2007]<br />
UKHL 26 ganixilavs bankoviCs (Banković) vidre isas (Issa), rogorc<br />
sasamarTlos upirates midgomas.<br />
misi kontrolis qvem my<strong>of</strong> teritoriaze 226 .<br />
Sesabamisad, roca okupirebul teritoriaze<br />
arsebobs samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebi,<br />
romlebic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes<br />
konvenciis damrRvevi kerZo pirebis winaaRmdeg,<br />
aRniSnuli saSualebebi unda amowuruli<br />
iqnes konvenciis sistemisTvis mimarTvamde 227 .<br />
roca ar arsebobs qmediTi kontroli, mosamarTleebiTa<br />
da sxva moxeleebiT mocemuli<br />
teritoriis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>a ar gulisxmobs<br />
iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebas ratione personae,<br />
radganac, roca mosamarTleebi da administracia<br />
moqmedebiT an umoqmedebiT arRvevs<br />
konvencias, ar moqmedebs arateritoriuli<br />
wevri saxlmwifos saxeliT 228 . zog SemTxvevaSi<br />
aseTi mxardaWera ganixileba, rogorc Tanxmoba<br />
an mimnebebloba ara saxelmwifo agentebis<br />
mier konvenciis darRvevaze.<br />
teritoriuli wevri saxelmwifos mier qmediTi<br />
kontrolis dakargva ar niSnvas imas,<br />
rom igi pasuxismgebeli aRar iqneba konvenciis<br />
darRvevaze, Tu kontrolis dakargva Tavad<br />
misi bralia. aseTi mtkicebis mcdeloba,<br />
Tumca ara konfliqtis konteqstSi, hqonda<br />
gaerTianebul samefos, roca Tavs imarTlebda<br />
sakanonmdeblo organos arCevaze uflebis savaraudo<br />
darRvevaze. gibraltari ar iyo Car-<br />
Tuli gaerTianebuli samefos gansazRvrebaSi,<br />
im mizniT, rom monawileoba ar mieRo evropuli<br />
parlamentis arCevnebSi, miuxedavad imisa,<br />
rom evropuli gaerTianebis samarTali mis<br />
teritoriaze moqmedebda. aRniSnuli winaaRmdegobaSi<br />
movida ganmcxadeblis - gibraltaris<br />
mcxovrebis uflebasTan Tavisufal arCevnebze,<br />
romelic pirveli oqmis me-3 muxliTaa<br />
garantirebuli.<br />
sasamarTlom gansakuTrebiT gaamaxvila yuradReba<br />
gaerTianebuli samefos mier gakeTebul<br />
arCevanze. misi pasuxismgebloba momdinareobda<br />
iqidan, rom aiRo saxelSekrulebo<br />
valdebulebebi gibraltaris teritoriaze<br />
pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlis moqmedebis gavrcelebis<br />
Semdgom. igulisxmeba maastrixtis xel-<br />
Sekruleba, aseve sabWos gadawyvetilebidan da<br />
1976 wlis aqtidan gamomdinare valdebule-<br />
226<br />
es ar dadginda saqmeze kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg,<br />
25781/94, 10 maisi, 2001 [GC].<br />
227<br />
sasamarTlom ar miiCnia, rom adgilobrivi xelisufleba<br />
mTlianad pasiuri iyo kerZo pirTa im qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT,<br />
rac Seadgenda davis sagans saqmeze kviprosi TurqeTis<br />
winaaRmdeg, 25781/94, 10 maisi, 2001 [GC].<br />
228<br />
droJdi (Drozd) da ianuSeki (<strong>Jan</strong>ousek) safrangeTisa da espaneTis<br />
winaaRmdeg, 12747/87, 26 ivnisi, 1992.<br />
44
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