Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
Jan-pol kosta - Constitutional Court of Georgia
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andraS Saio<br />
Camoyalibda es reJimi liberaluri konstituciebis<br />
farglebSi. Tavdacvisunariani demokratiebis<br />
mier gatarebuli RonisZiebebi Ti-<br />
Tqos efeqturia, magram aRsaniSnavia is, rom<br />
qveynebSi, sadac Tavdacvisunariani demokratiis<br />
institucionalizacia moxda, sruliadac<br />
ar arsebobda demokratiis winaSe mdgari seriozuli<br />
safrTxeebi, romlebic totalitaruli<br />
masobrivi moZraobebis emociuri <strong>pol</strong>itikiT<br />
iqneboda gamowveuli. agreTve naTelia,<br />
rom, sadac kontrteroristuli saxelmwifo<br />
Seiqmna da, Sesabamisad, demokratia jansaRad<br />
ar viTardeba, magaliTad, ruseTSi da pakistanSi,<br />
iq kontrteroristuli RonisZiebebi<br />
demokratiis erozias uwyoben xels.<br />
albaT SemTxveviTia, rom im qveynebSi, sadac<br />
terorizmis safrTxe amJamad ufro seriozulia<br />
(albaTobis maCveneblis mixedviT),<br />
iq ufro saWiroa kontrteroristuli saxelmwifos<br />
konstitucionalizmis Zlieri dacva<br />
formalizebuli, konstituciuri meTodebiT.<br />
dasavluri demokratiebis umravlesoba, romelTa<br />
winaSe terorizmis safrTxe naklebad<br />
dgas, usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT saSurvel<br />
mdgomareobaSi arian, radgan gansakuTrebuli<br />
Zalisxmevis gareSe SeuZliaT maRali standartebis<br />
SenarCuneba. paradoqsulia, rom swored<br />
am qveynebSi sagangebo mdgomareobis ugulebely<strong>of</strong>a<br />
demokratiis da adamianis uflebebis<br />
interesebis gamo, naklebad mosalodnelia. is<br />
ufroa mosalodneli, rom `momwifebul~ demokratiebSi<br />
avtoritaruli reJimebis Senar-<br />
Cuneba ki araa darRveva, aramed xelisuflebis<br />
mier sagangebo mdgomareobis gamoyeneba samarTlian<br />
arCevnebSi gasamarjveblad.<br />
Cemi azriT, dasavleT evropis calkeuli sasamarTloebis<br />
da sxva saagentoebis principi,<br />
SenarCunebuli iqnes `Cveulebrivi viTareba~,<br />
im naklebad iRbliani saxelmwifoebisken mimarTuli<br />
araswori gzavnilia, romlebic terorizms<br />
ebrZvian. Teoriul daskvnas imis Sesaxeb,<br />
rom SesaZlo konstituciuri modelebis<br />
saxesxvaoba arsebobs, potenciur teroristul<br />
safrTxesTan Tavis gasarTmevad, Rrmad pragmatuli<br />
mniSvneloba aqvs. frontze my<strong>of</strong> qveynebs<br />
51 , romlebic yoveldRiuri teroris qveS<br />
imy<strong>of</strong>ebian, gansakuTrebuli konstituciuri<br />
reJimi sWirdebaT, raTa saxelmwifo ar gaxdes<br />
sruliad araliberaluri. principi, romlis<br />
51<br />
miaqcieT yuradReba, rom teroristuli aqtebis mxolod<br />
umciresoba mimarTulia `moRalateebis~ winaaRmdeg, namdvili<br />
fronti ki evropis farglebs gareTaa.<br />
Tanaxmadac adamianis uflebebi ganurCevlad<br />
unda iqnes daculi yvelasTan mimarTebaSi im<br />
maRali standartebiT, romlebsac evropis sasamarTlo<br />
adgens, araa marTebuli zogierT<br />
konteqstSi.<br />
Tumca fundamenturi uflebebis samarTlebrivad<br />
an demokratiulad SeTanxmebuli<br />
SezRudvis daweseba saCqaro ar aris. sasamarTlo<br />
xelisufleba, adamianis uflebaTa damcveli<br />
aqtivistebi da principuli <strong>pol</strong>itikosebi<br />
(maSinac ki, roca antiamerikanizmiT motivireba,<br />
ubralod, opoziciaSi y<strong>of</strong>nas niSnavs) im<br />
idealebisken iltvian, romlebic aucilebelia<br />
liberaluri konstitucionalizmis reJimSi.<br />
im SemTxvevaSic ki, roca es idealebi Secvlil<br />
garemoSi problemebs qmnian, radgan isini arc<br />
sruliad WeSmariti da arc martivi gansaxorcielebeli<br />
arian, aucilebelia, rom `erTma<br />
eqscesma gamoasworos meore problema, xolo<br />
idealma boroteba.~ 52<br />
gacilebiT ufro mimzidvelia didi liberali<br />
moazrovneebis principebis, vidre<br />
saidumlo servisebis analitikosebis SiSis<br />
gaziareba. magram aq aSkarad igrZnoba dasavluri<br />
hipokratia da ormagi standarti. gaixseneT<br />
qveynebi, sadac safrTxe SeCerebulia,<br />
anu Semoifargleba erTi-ori mcire TavdasxmiT,<br />
xolo damatebiTi teroristuli aqtebis<br />
mowyobisTvis Sida resursebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a<br />
naklebad savaraudoa. am qveynebis umravlesobaSi<br />
sasamarTlo xelisufleba adanaSaulebs<br />
<strong>of</strong>icialur pirebs, gansakuTrebiT ki, mesame<br />
ms<strong>of</strong>lios qveynebSi, sadac wameba terorizm-<br />
Tan brZolis misaRebi formaa. braldebuli<br />
qveynebi namdvili demokratiebi ar arian. mTavar<br />
gansxvavebas is warmoadgens, rom terorizmis<br />
da misi mxardaWeris masStabebi sakmaod<br />
didia. cnobili araa, Tu ramdenad gansxvavebuli<br />
iqneba didi demokratiebis reagireba<br />
calkeuli islamuri saxelmwifoebis mier mi-<br />
Rebuli zomebis mimarT. SesaZloa konstituciuri<br />
da samoqalaqo momzadebis gareSe mi-<br />
Rebuli reagirebis formebi sakmaod hgavdes<br />
erTmaneTs. amasTanave, dasavluri demokratiebi<br />
daculi arian im qveynebidan momavli<br />
safrTxisgan, sadac adamianis wameba Cveulebrivi<br />
qmedebaa 53 . mWidrod dakavSirebul mso-<br />
52<br />
Gertrude Himmelfarb, Lord Action. Routledge, London. 1952. 84.<br />
53<br />
ixileT im saxelmwifoTa <strong>pol</strong>iciisa da saidumlo samsaxurebis<br />
mtkicebulebebis dauSveblobis problema, romelTa<br />
`wameba~ dasaSvebia, maT Soris im saxelmwifoebisa, romlebSic<br />
civilizebuli dasavleTis standartebisgan gansxvavebuli<br />
dakiTxvis sazareli standartebiT xelmZRvaneloben.<br />
92
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