saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #1 (38), 2009 ART SCIENCE ...

lamara RonRaZemsaxiobis aRzrdis problemismogvarebis gzebi Zvel saqarTveloSiadamianebi, romlebic saxeobriv qmedebas eweodnen, imazegacilebiT adre gaCndnen, vidre maT wvrTna-daostatebaze fiqrsSeudgebodnen. isini saweso ritualebidan da erTmaneTisgasamxiarulebeli mibaZva-garTobis sanaxaobebidan modian.Tavdapirvelad im niWierebiT, RmerTisgan rom hqondaT boZebuli.maT daostatebaze fiqri individis, rogorc damoukidebladmoqmedi piris gaCenasTan erTad Cndeba. sayovelTao-saxalxomasiurobidan individualuri Semsruleblis gamocalkevebises procesi gansakuTrebiT TvalsaCinoa berZnul TeatrSi.msaxiobis iseve, rogorc tragediisa Tu komediis warmoSobadionisesadmi miZRvnil dResaswaulebs ukavSirdeba.Zveli welaRricxvis VII-VI ss. saberZneTi. dionise _venaxisa da Rvinis kulturis damnergavi RvTaebaa, berZenRmerTTa Soris yvelaze axalgazrda da yvelaze popularuli.mas siamovnebac moaqvs da baraqac. amitomac adideben didiTavdaviwyebiT berZnebi. soflad Tu qalaqad grandiozuldResaswaulebs umarTaven yovelwliurad. mis sadidebeldiTirambebs mReris yvela. gamorCeulebze jer-jerobiT niWimianiSnebs. masiur-stiqiurobidan garkveuli sistemurobiskensvlis moTxovnilebas dro aCens. Cndeba pirveli poeti a r i o n iromelmac improvizaciuli sawyisi winaswar gansazRvrulCarCoebSi moaqcia, diTirambis magivrad sagundo simRerebisTxzvas mihyo xeli. SemdegSi, dionises magivrad, realuradarsebul gmirTa gandideba da gmirTa Tavgadasavlis Txrobacdaiwyes da mis Tavs gadamxdari epizodebis warmosaxvac.RvTaebis sadidebeli simReridan konkretuli gmirisTavgadasavlis Txrobaze da calkeuli epizodebis warmosaxvazegadasvlam bunebrivad warmoSva moTxovnileba adamianisa, romelicsadidebel gmirs ganasaxierebda. rogorc gvamcnoben, aseTganmasaxiereblad pirvelad, 534 wels, dionises dResaswaulzepoeti Tespide mogvevlina. meore tragikosi poeti esqilec,romelmac oramde gazarda msaxiobis ricxvi, Tavadve TamaSobdamTavar moqmed gmirebs. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom msaxiobisdamoukidebel profesiad qcevis procesi sofoklesTan mTavrdeba.mis mier gamoyvanil sam msaxiobSi protagonisti _ mTavarimoqmedi gmiris Semsrulebeli, ukve profesionali msaxiobia.poeti tragikosebi ki msaxiobTa wvrTna-daostatebas hkideben xels.Teatraluri ganaTlebis pirveli profesiuli saswavlebeliCv. w.-mde I saukuneSi romSi Seiqmna. misi damaarsebelia cnobiliromaeli komikosi msaxiobi da imxanad didad aRiarebuliTeatraluri pedagogi kvintus galus rosciusi (130-62 ww.).saswavlebelmac swored ase `rosciusis skolis~ saxeliTmoaRwia Cvenamde. deklamaciis xelovneba mas TviTciceronisaTvis uswavlebia, romelic Turme didad afasebdamis xelovnebas. didi romaeli poet horaciusis (65-8 ww.)mowmobiT, rosciuss sascenosa da oratoruli xelovnebisSesaxeb traqtati, anu saxelmZRvaneloc, Seuqmnia.aRmosavleTis qveynebidan Teatraluri saswavleblebisarseboba yvelaze adre, VIII saukunidan, CineTSia dafiqsirebuli.aRorZinebis epoqam antikuri Teatrebis gamocdilebamsaxiobis aRzrdis TvalsazrisiTac aaRorZina. msaxiobebisaRzrdas TeatrebSi dramaturgebi da ukve cnobili dagamocdili msaxiobebi uZRvebodnen.evropuli qveynebis Teatraluri pedagogikis ganviTarebaSi,didi wvlili aqvT saskolo TeatrebSi momuSave pedagogebs.Teatraluri pedagogikis ganviTareba ki gansakuTrebiT sagrZnobiaklasicizmis periodSi, rac didad iyo ganpirobebuli imiT,rom misi esTetika mtkiced gansazRvrul kanonebs emorCileboda.Teatraluri saswavleblebis ganskuTrebuli siuxviTgamoirCeva XIX s.-is dasawyisis evropa da ruseTi. aq axaliTeatrebis warmoSoba-ganviTareba dRis wesrigSi TavisTavadayenebs saTeatro xelovnebis swavlebis profesiuli kerebisraodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi zrdis moTxovnilebas.XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi reJisoris, rogorcdamoukidebeli profesiis, gaCenisas bevri ram Secvala saTeatroganaTlebis TvalsazrisiTac. msaxiobTa aRzrda-daostatebissaqme dramaturgebidan da msaxiobebidan reJisorebma gadaibares.amas isini warmatebiT axorcielebdnen, rogorc TeatralursaswavleblebSi, ise TeatrSi repeticiebze.32 33