saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #1 (38), 2009 ART SCIENCE ...

oliko JRentirusuli kinovesternis `namdvili kavkasielebi~lermontovis ekranizaciebSi orientalizmi aRmosavlurfatalizms ukavSirdeba.Aam fatalizmis msxverpli xdebapeCorinis gmiric.niSandoblivia, rom lermontovis ekranizaciebi imaveideologiur funqcias asrulebda, rasac _ vesternis miTiamerikis istoriaSi. sabWoTa ruseTic ki Zaladobaze da terorzedamyarebuli politikuri reJimis pirobebSi `carizmis~ epoqisideologiuri da esTetikuri konstruqciebiT xelmZRvanelobda,amitomac, lermontovis ekranizaciebSi srulebiT ver naxavdiTdadebiTi, Rirseuli TvisebebiT Semkuli kavkasielis fsiqotips.spontanurad, isic Sor planze, gamoCenili Cerqezebi veluri,primitiuli tomis xalxs ufro warmoadgenen, romlebic veluriindielebis msgavsad Tavs esxmian rusi aristokratiis korteJebs,mZime CemodnebiT datvirTul samgzavro etlebs. maT danaxvazerus banovanebs SiSisgan guli uwuxdebaT, magram mamaci rusioficrebi – `Cveni drois gmirebi~ _ uSiSrad anadgurebenmTiel teroristebs.lermontovis moTxroba `Tavadis asuli meris~ epilogSi,kavkasiidan ruseTSi mimavali peCorini gzaze gaxrwnili cxenisleSs waawydeba, romlisTvisac `velur~ mTielebs unagiriaurTmeviaT. cxenis leSze ori yvavia Semoskupuli, racsimbolurad raindis sikvdils ganasaxierebda. moTxrobisgangansxvavebiT, filmis eqspoziciaSi _ arwivi da yvavianaCvenebi.Aamgvarad, raindis (cxeni) da sikvdilis (yvavi)simboloebs filmSi daemata rusuli imperiuli Zlevamosilebissimbolo – arwivi, romelic umxedrod darCenil leSs kortnis(sikvdilis metafora).Bbarskis filmSi mravlad aris masStaburi scenebi, rocaruseTis aristokratiis diliJansebi erT mwkrivad, Seupovradmiikvlevs riskiT da xifaTebiT aRsavse gzas kavkasiis alpurzonaSi. diliJansi amerikuli vesternis erT-erTi mTavarikinoatributia, romelic saTavgadasavlo-avantiuruli JanrisfilmebSi xSirad gamoCndeba da gmirebTan erTad `monawileobs~mZafr, sisxlian batalur scenebSi. gavixsenoT, rogor esxmianTavs veluri indielebi `mSvidobisa da Tavisuflebismoyvare~,`civilizebul~ amerikelebs veluri dasavleTis wiaRSi, isiniTavad provocireben samxedro moqmedebebs;GgoliaT mTebs Soris`momwyvdeuli~, rusi aristokratiis safosto da samgzavrodiliJansebsac, aucileblad Tavs pirveli daesxmissisxlismsmeli mTielTa tomi, magram ukanonobas isev ruseTissamxedro garnizonebi aRkvevs.KgaunaTlebel, uvic kavkasielebSikanoni da wesrigi isev rusuli imperiuli sistemis pirobebSiiaraRiTa da ZaladobiT unda damyardes.vesternis Janruli elementebiT gajerebul lermontoviseul`kinoserialSi,~ mTielTa adgilobrivi tipaJebi, ZiriTadad`veluri~ da socialurad dabeCavebuli adamianebi _ yaCaRTagundia an SedarebiT mSvidobiani, `morCili~ aborigenebi:movaWreebi, meduqneebi anu uwyinari xalxi. namdvili kavkasielisfsiqotipi – keTilSobili, mamaci, rainduli Tvisebebi sruliadignorirebulia ekranidan da mxolod fragmentulad Cndeba,isic Sor planze da aSkarad gamoxatuli agresiuli qmedebebiT.barskis filmebSi kavkasiis aborigen mosaxleobas ZiriTadadmoxucebi da bavSvebi warmoadgenen, romlebic maTxovrebs ufrohgvanan dakonkil samoselSi, samagierod, tradiciuli kavkasielistips rusul literaturasa da kinoSi Caenacvla `namdvilkavkasielad~ (fsevdokavkasieli) wodebuli rusi samxedromoxele.kavkasiis mimarT rusi kinematografistebis damokidebulebaSarJul da groteskul formas iZenda rusul sabWoTakinematografSi. `namdvili kavkasielis~ SarJi tradiciad,stereotipul sqemad dakanonda da imdenad myari aRmoCnda,rom rusuli kinematografi 20-ian wlebSi Casaxuli kinoideologiuri sqemebisgan dRemde ver gaTavisuflda. amissafuZvlebi ki swored rusul klasikur literaturaSiasaZiebeli, Mmag., Tuki ekranze kavkasielis tipi gamoCnda, isaucileblad unda cekvavdes lekurs, Jongliorobdes yanwebiT,svamdes kaxur Rvinos da rus banovanTa gulis dapyrobaslamobdes.lermontovis moTxrobis mixedviT gadaRebuli filmi `maqsimmaqsimiCi,~ melodramatuli Janris klasikur nimuSs warmoadgens,magram masSi plastikurad ikveTeba e. w. `namdvili kavkasielis~fenomeni.filmis Sinaarsis mixedviT, Cerqezis qals (msax. belabeleckaia) TavdaviwyebiT Seuyvardeba tyve rusi oficeri68 69