19.04.2013 Views

Os Eucaliptos e as Aves da Quinta de São Francisco

Os Eucaliptos e as Aves da Quinta de São Francisco

Os Eucaliptos e as Aves da Quinta de São Francisco

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

a quinta e a natureza<br />

66 the quinta and nature<br />

A observação dos eucaliptos <strong>da</strong> <strong>Quinta</strong> acaba<br />

por ser um convite ao tacto. Em alguns, a c<strong>as</strong>ca<br />

fibrosa parece fofa como um colchão, noutros<br />

cai como se <strong>de</strong> folh<strong>as</strong> <strong>de</strong> papel enrolado se<br />

trat<strong>as</strong>se — c<strong>as</strong>o do Eucalyptus viminalis uma<br />

espécie originária <strong>da</strong> T<strong>as</strong>mânia, Austrália do Sul<br />

e Vitória cuja c<strong>as</strong>ca se <strong>de</strong>staca em long<strong>as</strong> tir<strong>as</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>ixando à vista o tronco <strong>de</strong> um creme<br />

amarelado. Noutros ain<strong>da</strong> a c<strong>as</strong>ca lembra<br />

os favos <strong>de</strong> mel <strong>de</strong> uma colmeia gigante.<br />

Curiosamente, não é o Eucalyptus melliodora a<br />

apresentar esta característica, já que a sua<br />

c<strong>as</strong>ca, muito variável, tem um <strong>as</strong>pecto<br />

escamoso e fibroso no tronco — on<strong>de</strong> tem um<br />

carácter persistente — tornando-se caduca nos<br />

ramos. O seu nome <strong>de</strong>ve-se à floração muito<br />

intensa que o caracteriza, o que o transformou<br />

numa árvore aprecia<strong>da</strong> pelos apicultores.<br />

As flores, branc<strong>as</strong> ou rosad<strong>as</strong>, surgem entre<br />

Fevereiro e Abril em conjuntos que variam entre<br />

<strong>as</strong> três e <strong>as</strong> sete uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s.<br />

Continuando a percorrer o velho arboreto<br />

surgem mais exemplares <strong>de</strong> Eucalyptus obliqua,<br />

com a sua c<strong>as</strong>ca <strong>de</strong> fibr<strong>as</strong> entrelaçad<strong>as</strong>, e outros<br />

<strong>de</strong> Eucalyptus botryoi<strong>de</strong>s, estes últimos com o<br />

tronco coberto <strong>de</strong> líquenes. <strong>São</strong> vári<strong>as</strong> <strong>as</strong><br />

árvores <strong>da</strong> <strong>Quinta</strong> que surgem com líquenes e<br />

musgo nos seus troncos e ramos, e em alguns<br />

pontos o musgo cobre também o chão. <strong>São</strong><br />

elementos que revelam a boa quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> do ar<br />

que ali se respira. <strong>Os</strong> líquenes resultam <strong>de</strong> uma<br />

<strong>as</strong>sociação entre um fungo e uma alga<br />

microscópica e, por não terem raízes, absorvem<br />

<strong>da</strong> atmosfera todos os nutrientes <strong>de</strong> que<br />

necessitam. Assim, tornam-se muito sensíveis<br />

ao efeito tóxico <strong>de</strong> elementos poluentes do ar<br />

uma vez que os absorvem ao mesmo tempo.<br />

persistent, turning to <strong>de</strong>ciduous in the branches.<br />

The name <strong>de</strong>rives from its intense flowering,<br />

which h<strong>as</strong> transformed the species into a tree<br />

very much appreciated by apiculturists. The white<br />

or pinkish flowers appear between February and<br />

April in bunches of three to seven units.<br />

As we move along the old arboretum, there are<br />

more specimens of Eucalyptus obliqua, with their<br />

barks of intertwined fibres, and of Eucalyptus<br />

botryoi<strong>de</strong>s, with their lichen-covered trunks.<br />

There are various trees in the <strong>Quinta</strong> that have<br />

lichens and moss in their trunks and branches,<br />

and in several are<strong>as</strong>, the ground is covered in<br />

moss. These elements <strong>de</strong>monstrate the good<br />

quality of the air which one breathes here.<br />

Lichens result from an <strong>as</strong>sociation between a<br />

fungus and a microscopic alga, and <strong>as</strong> they have<br />

no roots, they absorb all the required nutrients<br />

from the atmosphere. Hence, they are very<br />

sensitive to the toxic effects of the polluting<br />

elements in the air. When pollution levels are<br />

high, the more sensitive lichen species perish,<br />

transforming them into reliable indicators of the<br />

atmospheric quality.<br />

A native of the Australian co<strong>as</strong>t, the Eucalyptus<br />

botryoi<strong>de</strong>s is one of the most common species in<br />

the <strong>Quinta</strong>. Owing to its wood’s reddish tone, it<br />

w<strong>as</strong> given the name of “fake mahogany” and it is<br />

wi<strong>de</strong>ly used in interior <strong>de</strong>coration. In Nature, the<br />

species’ eye catcher is its bark, which is fibrous<br />

and h<strong>as</strong> <strong>de</strong>ep grooves. It is a large-sized tree, with<br />

small fruit which may be seen in bundles of up to<br />

11 units.<br />

Ar puro. A presença <strong>de</strong> líquenes atesta a boa quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> do ar na <strong>Quinta</strong>.<br />

Fresh air. The presence of lichens confirms the good quality of the air in the <strong>Quinta</strong>.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!