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Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

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nio Soares dos Reis <strong>de</strong> executar a estátua e<br />

o arquitecto Tomás Augusto Soller <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>linear<br />

o pe<strong>de</strong>stal. O conjunto foi colocado no<br />

<strong>de</strong>vido lugar e inaugurado no dia 1 <strong>de</strong> Abril<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1887.<br />

Em 1918, Júlio Henriques jubila-se. A profunda<br />

marca <strong>de</strong>ixada no estabelecimento<br />

que dirigiu durante mais <strong>de</strong> quatro décadas<br />

ser-lhe-ia reconhecida. A alameda paralela<br />

à entrada principal do <strong>Jardim</strong> receberia o<br />

seu nome nesse mesmo ano e, em Abril <strong>de</strong><br />

1925, por proposta apresentada pela Faculda<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Ciências ao Governo, é publicado<br />

um <strong>de</strong>creto <strong>de</strong>terminando que o <strong>Jardim</strong><br />

<strong>Botânico</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Coimbra</strong> e seus anexos – herbários,<br />

museu, biblioteca e laboratórios –<br />

passassem a <strong>de</strong>nominar-se Instituto <strong>Botânico</strong><br />

Dr. Júlio Henriques.<br />

A gerência do <strong>Jardim</strong> passaria, em 1918, para<br />

as mãos <strong>de</strong> Luiz Wittnich Carrisso. Cabia-lhe<br />

uma profunda tarefa <strong>de</strong> renovação. Impunha-se<br />

a regeneração do corpo docente, da<br />

Socieda<strong>de</strong> Broteriana, da biblioteca, do herbário<br />

e do <strong>Jardim</strong>. A estas somava-se a preocupação<br />

com as instalações no antigo edifício<br />

beneditino, dado que parte <strong>de</strong>ste fora<br />

<strong>entre</strong>gue ao Liceu José Falcão, forçando a<br />

reinstalação <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>pendências e a gestão da<br />

falta <strong>de</strong> espaço com imaginação.<br />

No que concerne ao <strong>Jardim</strong>, Luiz Carrisso<br />

soube conciliar a exigência científica com os<br />

preceitos paisagísticos. A atenção concedida<br />

ao visitante, em progressão ao longo da<br />

história do horto botânico, <strong>de</strong>u com o novo<br />

director mais um passo, sinal da própria<br />

evolução da concepção <strong>de</strong>ste espaço,<br />

agora não apenas pensado para «estudo <strong>de</strong><br />

rapazes», mas também para a educação e<br />

a usufruição <strong>de</strong> um público cada vez mais<br />

vasto. Além <strong>de</strong> se aumentar a área visitável,<br />

proce<strong>de</strong>u-se, nesta altura, ao cultivo <strong>de</strong><br />

numerosas plantas ornamentais; criaram-se<br />

viveiros; procurou-se que as várias Escolas<br />

estivessem completas e <strong>de</strong>vidamente<br />

classificadas; ajardinou-se parte da mata<br />

e numa das suas encostas estabeleceuse,<br />

em novos mol<strong>de</strong>s, a Escola das<br />

numerous ornamental plants; the creation<br />

of nurseries; the completion and proper<br />

classification of the various sections; and<br />

the landscaping of part of the mata, with<br />

the establishment of a new-format monocotyledon<br />

bed on one of its slopes. The<br />

greenhouses were also radically improved<br />

[10], particularly as regards structure, heating<br />

and flora cultivated, and the famous<br />

Victoria amazonica was introduced into<br />

the small greenhouse.<br />

However, it was in the area of “scientific colonization”<br />

that Luiz Carrisso ma<strong>de</strong> the biggest<br />

mark, continuing and extending the<br />

work begun by his master. Un<strong>de</strong>r his guidance,<br />

the Institute’s activities were largely<br />

oriented towards the botanical exploitation<br />

of the colonies, justified as a tool of socioeconomic<br />

progress and political legitimation,<br />

but in practice exceeding all these purposes.<br />

In fact, the three expeditions to Angola (the<br />

botanical mission of 1927, the aca<strong>de</strong>mic<br />

mission of 1929 and the botanical mission<br />

of 1937) resulted not only in the collection<br />

of species that can still be seen today in the<br />

museum, herbarium and gar<strong>de</strong>n, and in the<br />

study and divulgation of Angolan plant life,<br />

but also in the production of audiovisual,<br />

written and photographic documents that<br />

are invaluable not only to botany, but also<br />

to anthropology, history and sociology.<br />

Luiz Carrisso lost his life in the Mocame<strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong>sert on 14th June 1937. His premature<br />

<strong>de</strong>ath left a vacuum in the running of the<br />

Botanical Gar<strong>de</strong>n, for the Faculty of Science<br />

regulations stipulated that the post had<br />

to be filled by a full professor. Abílio Fernan<strong>de</strong>s,<br />

a discipline of Carrisso and at that<br />

time assistant lecturer, performed the functions<br />

indirectly, while management was formally<br />

attributed to Rui Couceiro da Costa<br />

(chemistry) and José Custódio Morais (mineralogy<br />

and geology). Abílio Fernan<strong>de</strong>s only<br />

took over as curator of the Gar<strong>de</strong>n in 1942,<br />

after being appointed to the chair of botany;<br />

he occupied the post until 1974.<br />

Thus we move into what has been really the<br />

55

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