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Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

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<strong>Jardim</strong> <strong>entre</strong>tanto concebida <strong>de</strong>ixa transparecer<br />

um certo alheamento relativamente<br />

ao seu <strong>de</strong>snivelado terreno <strong>de</strong> implantação,<br />

o que se po<strong>de</strong>ria explicar pelo facto <strong>de</strong><br />

Els<strong>de</strong>n não ter acompanhado o reitor e os<br />

professores na visita ao local, por se encontrar<br />

nessa altura ainda em Lisboa, “impossibilitado<br />

com um acci<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> gota” 8 .<br />

Por outro lado, não temos a sua assinatura<br />

no projecto <strong>de</strong>positado na referida biblioteca,<br />

presumivelmente o enviado a Pombal,<br />

nem tão pouco a avaliação que <strong>de</strong>le o ministro<br />

fez refere Els<strong>de</strong>n como autor, sendo<br />

apenas vagamente mencionada “a Planta,<br />

que esses Professores <strong>de</strong>linearam”, esclarecendo-se,<br />

mais adiante, que “os ditos professores<br />

saõ italianos” 9 . A própria feição<br />

barroca da molduração do plano afasta-se<br />

do traço neoclássico que caracteriza os edifícios<br />

projectados por Els<strong>de</strong>n para a Universida<strong>de</strong><br />

e, recor<strong>de</strong>-se ainda, o carácter paduano<br />

da planta não po<strong>de</strong>ria resultar da experiência<br />

<strong>de</strong> um engenheiro inglês. Além disso,<br />

no relatório que Els<strong>de</strong>n dirige a Sebastião<br />

José <strong>de</strong> Carvalho e Melo, dando-lhe conhecimento<br />

dos trabalhos que, no âmbito das<br />

obras da Universida<strong>de</strong>, executou precisamente<br />

<strong>entre</strong> Julho e Setembro <strong>de</strong> 1773, não<br />

faz qualquer referência ao traçado da planta<br />

para o <strong>Jardim</strong>.<br />

Certo é o facto <strong>de</strong> uma primeira proposta<br />

não ter sido aprovada. Num ofício <strong>de</strong> 5 <strong>de</strong><br />

Outubro <strong>de</strong> 1773, o estadista rejeita veementemente<br />

o “dilatado espaço”, talhado<br />

“pelas medidas da (…) Fantasia”, o qual<br />

“absorberia os meyos pecuniarios da Universida<strong>de</strong><br />

antes <strong>de</strong> concluir-se”. Frisando<br />

que “as couzas naõ saõ boas, por que saõ<br />

muito custozas, e Magnificas; mas sim, e taõ<br />

somente, porque saõ proprias, e a<strong>de</strong>quadas<br />

para o uso, que <strong>de</strong>llas se <strong>de</strong>ve fazer”, or<strong>de</strong>nava<br />

que se <strong>de</strong>lineasse outro plano, “reduzido<br />

somente ao numero <strong>de</strong> Ervas Medicinaes,<br />

que saõ indispensaveis para os exercicios<br />

Botanicos, e necessarios para se darem<br />

aos Estudantes as noçoens precizas para<br />

que naõ ignorem esta parte da Medicina;<br />

nature on the plan that is in the library<br />

(presumably the one sent to Pombal), nor<br />

does the Marquis’ assessment of it make<br />

any mention of Els<strong>de</strong>n as author. Instead it<br />

vaguely mentions “the plan that those professors<br />

drew up”, clarifying later on that “the<br />

aforementioned professors are Italian” 9 . The<br />

Baroque flavour of the ground plan is also<br />

quite different from the neoclassical style<br />

of the buildings <strong>de</strong>signed by Els<strong>de</strong>n for the<br />

University; and of course, the Paduan influence<br />

could not have resulted from the experience<br />

of an English engineer. Moreover, the<br />

report that Els<strong>de</strong>n addressed to Sebastião<br />

José <strong>de</strong> Carvalho e Melo informing him of<br />

the works that he had un<strong>de</strong>rtaken at the<br />

University between July and September<br />

1773 ma<strong>de</strong> no mention of the plans for the<br />

Gar<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

What is clear, however, is that the first proposal<br />

was not approved. In an official letter<br />

dated 5th October 1773, the Marquis vehemently<br />

rejected the “extensive space”,<br />

shaped “with fantastic dimensions”, which<br />

“would absorb the pecuniary resources of<br />

the University before it is finished”. Adding<br />

that “things are not good simply because<br />

they are very costly and magnificent, but<br />

rather, and only, because they are appropriate<br />

and suitable for the use that is to be<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> of them”, he or<strong>de</strong>red another plan to<br />

be drawn up, “reduced only to the number<br />

of medicinal herbs that are indispensable<br />

for botany exercises, and necessary to<br />

give the stu<strong>de</strong>nts precise notions so that<br />

they are not ignorant of that part of Medicine;<br />

(…) leaving for another time all that<br />

is botanical luxury, at present spreading all<br />

over Europe”.<br />

To dispel any doubts, he explained that<br />

the new <strong>de</strong>sign should be no bigger and<br />

no more sumptuous than Chelsea Gar<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

which he would certainly have known,<br />

having been stationed in London on diplomatic<br />

duty between 1739 and 1743. Finally,<br />

he advised that “a budget be calculated that<br />

is appropriate for a boys’ Study Gar<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

37

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