14.05.2013 Views

Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

Jardim Botânico de Coimbra: contraponto entre a Arte e a ... - artez

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

ior, on<strong>de</strong> se leriam essas informações, bem<br />

como as legendas do plano.<br />

O colossal projecto do <strong>Jardim</strong> apresenta<br />

uma notória semelhança com o Risco do<br />

<strong>Jardim</strong> <strong>Botânico</strong> para a Universida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>Coimbra</strong> [3], não datado, da autoria <strong>de</strong><br />

Júlio Mattiazzi, publicado juntamente com<br />

outros Riscos das obras da Universida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>Coimbra</strong>, em 1983, pelo Museu Nacional <strong>de</strong><br />

Machado <strong>de</strong> Castro. Este projecto foi, com<br />

probabilida<strong>de</strong>, formulado a jusante do primeiro,<br />

pois <strong>de</strong>nota em relação a ele alguma<br />

simplificação. As diferenças resultam da<br />

redução do número <strong>de</strong> canteiros e <strong>de</strong> fontes<br />

<strong>de</strong> repuxo, bem como das peças escultóricas.<br />

O arboreto evi<strong>de</strong>ncia ainda uma disposição<br />

distinta, assumindo a forma <strong>de</strong> um<br />

quadrado, subdividido em quatro.<br />

Ambos os <strong>de</strong>senhos <strong>de</strong>nunciam fortes paralelismos<br />

com o <strong>Jardim</strong> <strong>Botânico</strong> <strong>de</strong> Pádua,<br />

fundado em 1545. Com efeito, o esquema<br />

do círculo <strong>de</strong> canteiros que envolve o quadrado<br />

central, dividido, por sua vez, em<br />

quatro canteiros, é comum aos dois hortos.<br />

A distribuição das fontes <strong>de</strong> repuxo nesta<br />

zona coinci<strong>de</strong> igualmente, tal como se verifica<br />

pelo confronto das respectivas plantas.<br />

Ora, esta «marca» paduana <strong>de</strong>ve ser compreendida<br />

à luz do percurso <strong>de</strong> dois homens,<br />

cujo rumo passou quer por Pádua, quer por<br />

<strong>Coimbra</strong>. Referimo-nos a Domenico Van<strong>de</strong>lli<br />

e a Júlio Mattiazzi, ambos nascidos na<br />

dita cida<strong>de</strong> italiana e familiarizados com o<br />

seu <strong>Jardim</strong>. O primeiro, naturalista <strong>de</strong> reconhecido<br />

prestígio, concluiu os cursos <strong>de</strong><br />

filosofia natural e medicina na Universida<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Pádua em 1761 e manteve correspondência<br />

com Lineu <strong>entre</strong> 1759 e 1773. Chega<br />

a Lisboa, a convite do marquês <strong>de</strong> Pombal,<br />

em 1764, à partida <strong>de</strong>stinado à docência<br />

no Colégio dos Nobres mas, na realida<strong>de</strong>,<br />

sem exercício <strong>de</strong> funções oficiais até 1768,<br />

altura em que aparece nomeado para dirigir<br />

as obras do <strong>Jardim</strong> <strong>Botânico</strong> da Ajuda. Em<br />

1772 vem para <strong>Coimbra</strong> ensinar química e<br />

história natural na recém criada Faculda<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Filosofia, tendo-se nela graduado gratui-<br />

Both <strong>de</strong>signs have strong parallels with the<br />

Botanical Gar<strong>de</strong>n of Padua, foun<strong>de</strong>d in 1545.<br />

In fact, the scheme of a circle of flowerbeds<br />

around the central quadrangle, divi<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

turn into four beds, is shared by the two<br />

gar<strong>de</strong>ns, while the fountains in this area are<br />

distributed in a very similar manner, as comparison<br />

of the two plans clearly shows.<br />

This influence must surely be un<strong>de</strong>rstood in<br />

the light of the careers of two men, whose<br />

path passed through both Padua and <strong>Coimbra</strong>.<br />

We are of course referring to Domenico<br />

Van<strong>de</strong>lli and Júlio Mattiazzi, who were both<br />

born in Padua and were familiar with its<br />

gar<strong>de</strong>n. The former, a naturalist of acknowledged<br />

prestige, completed his <strong>de</strong>grees in<br />

natural philosophy and medicine at the<br />

University of Padua in 1761 and maintained<br />

a correspon<strong>de</strong>nce with Linnaeus between<br />

1759 and 1773. He was invited to Lisbon by<br />

the Marquis of Pombal and arrived in 1764,<br />

ostensibly to take up a lectureship at the<br />

College of Nobles, though he did not in fact<br />

perform any official functions until 1768,<br />

when he was appointed to supervise the<br />

works being carried out at the Ajuda Botanical<br />

Gar<strong>de</strong>n. In 1772 he came to <strong>Coimbra</strong><br />

to teach chemistry and natural history in<br />

the recently created Faculty of Philosophy,<br />

graduating from it on 9th October of that<br />

year and on 12th of the same month from<br />

the Faculty of Medicine. The Statutes stipulated<br />

that the lectureship in natural history<br />

should entail responsibility for the Botanical<br />

Gar<strong>de</strong>n, and so he directed it until his<br />

retirement in January 1791, when he was<br />

replaced by Félix Avelar Brotero.<br />

35

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!