Kwiecień 2007 - Polska Izba Inżynierów Budownictwa

JĘZYK ANGIELSKI
What Insulation?
The most important
reason for insulating
buildings is the
considerable lowering
of heating costs. Also,
the walls are protected
against dampness,
freezing and mould; the
insulation layer increases
the building’s durability.
The question remains
– what type of insulation?
Najistotniejszym powodem
ocieplania budynków jest znaczne zmniejszenie kosztów ogrzewania budynku. Ponadto, ściany
są ochraniane przed zawilgoceniem, przemarzaniem i zagrzybieniem, a warstwa ocieplenia
zwiększa trwałość budynku. Pozostaje zatem jedno pytanie – jakie ocieplenie?
fire code regulations, insulation system, noise transmission, structural weight, thermal conductivity, uniform temperature
1.
2.
3.
4.
Exterior thermal insulation is
a means of both saving money
and making your building more
comfortable, as it stays warmer
in the winter and cooler in the
summer, and a (a).............................
............. is maintained throughout
the house. Insulation can also cut
down on noise from outside by
reducing (b).......................................
through the building envelope.
There are several ways of insulating
the house from the outside,
the most popular of which are
expanded polystyrene (also called
bead board) and mineral wool,
both having excellent thermal
insulation properties: they have a
low (c).........................................., are
breathable, and will aid the release
of moisture through the wall.
Expanded polystyrene is a relatively
low cost material. It is lightweight,
so it doesn’t significantly increase
the overall (d)................................
..........of the building. Although
it is susceptible to mechanical
damage, polystyrene foam doesn’t
deteriorate, can be used universally
even at very low temperatures
and, once installed, will require
no maintenance.
(4) Although expanded polystyrene
is an excellent insulator, (e)......
.................................... restrict its
KWIECIEŃ 2007
INŻYNIER BUDOWNICTWA
5.
use to low-rise buildings due to
its high degree of flammability
and low resistance to chemical
substances. The alternative here
is mineral wool, which can be
used for buildings of any height
because it provides better thermal
performance and fire resistance;
being non-combustible, it will not
aid the spread of fire. On the other
hand, in high humidity areas
polystyrene may be preferable,
as mineral wool can absorb
moisture.
When choosing an (f).................
........................., there are several
factors that need to be taken into
consideration, among which are
the R–value (insulating power)
of the material, weight, density,
repair costs, fire resistance, health
and environment impact.
W tekście pojawiają się słowa synonimy
do słowa wetness – moisture, humidity,
dampness. Mają one zbliżone
znaczenia – wilgotność – nie są jednak
identyczne. Wet oznacza to, co jest pokryte
wodą, przemoczone, lub jeszcze
nie suche – a wet umbrella, wet paint.
Damp i moist znaczą lekko wilgotny,
przy czym damp sugeruje nieprzyjemne
zawilgocenie – damp, dirty walls; a
moist chocolate cake. Humid odnosi
się do nieprzyjemnie wysokiej wilgot-
ności powietrza: hot, humid weather.
take into consideration – wziąć pod
uwagę
once installed – gdy już zostanie
zainstalowany; once oznacza również
„jeden raz” – once a day; „kiedyś”, “raz”
– I went to France by car once; at once
oznacza „natychmiast” – Do it at once!,
all at once – –wszyscy/ wszystko naraz
– It happened all at once
on the other hand – z drugiej strony;
on the one hand – z jednej strony
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
W powyższym tekście znajdź angielskie
słowa odpowiadające poniższym
definicjom. W nawiasie
podano numer akapitu, w którym
znajduje się dane słowo.
one of several things that influence
or cause a situation (5)
the repairs that are necessary to keep
something in good condition (3)
the ability of a material to ignite
and burn readily (4)
not capable of igniting and
burning (4)
opposition, lack of response
(4), (5)
easily influenced or affected (3)
the amount of water in the air (4)
become worse (3)
Uzupełnij zdania odpowiednimi
słowami z zadania 1).
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