AR 2010/2 - Fakulteta za arhitekturo

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AR 2010/2Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik, Andrej SenegačnikPrednosti pasivne hišeViri in literaturaDirektiva 2010/31/EU Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta,http://www.buildup.eu/publications/9662 .Feist, W., (2010): The Passive House – Growth in all dimensions. V:Feist, W.(ur.). 14 th International Passive House Conference,28 th -29 th of May 2010, Dresden, Passive House InstitutDarmstadt, str. 49-54.Feist, W., 1998: Das Passivhaus – Baustandard der Zukunft?.Protokollband Nr. 12, Passivhaus Institut, Darmstadt.Gibanje cen kurilnega olja, 21. september 2010;http://www.olje.net/cene-in-prodajni-pogoji/gibanje-cenkurilnega-olja/.Keul, A., (2010a): Energy monitoring and anallysis of user satisfactionin existing passive houses estates in Austria.V: Feist, W.(ur.). 14 th International Passive HouseConference, 28 th -29 th of May 2010, Dresden, Passive HouseInstitut Darmstadt, str. 43-47.Keul, A., (2010b): Subjective/objecitve temperature/humidity inthe Passive House Kammelweg in Austria.V: Feist, W.(ur.). 14 th International Passive HouseConference, 28 th -29 th of May 2010, Dresden, Passive HouseInstitut Darmstadt, str. 387-392.Letopis 2008: Statistični urad Republike Slovenije.http://www.stat.si/letopis .Mori, M., (2010): The first Passive House in Japan.V: Feist, W.(ur.). 14 th International Passive HouseConference, 28 th -29 th of May 2010, Dresden, Passive HouseInstitut Darmstadt, str. 227-232.Prva bio pasivna hiša v ZDAhttp://lowcarbonproductions.wordpress.com/Trebersburg, M. et al, (2010): Austria House A passive house forthe 2010 Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver.V: Feist, W.(ur.). 14 th International Passive HouseConference, 28 th -29 th of May 2010, Dresden, Passive HouseInstitut Darmstadt, str. 453-458.Zbašnik-Senegačnik, M., (2007): Construction cost comparisonbetween low-energy houses and passive houses.V: 16. Mednarodno posvetovanje Komunalna energetika,15. do 17. maj 2007, Maribor, Slovenija. Zbornik.Maribor: Fakulteta za elektrotehniko, računalništvo ininformatiko.Zbašnik-Senegačnik, M., Senegačnik, A., (2009): Argumenti za izbiropasivne hiše. V: 18. Mednarodno posvetovanje Komunalnaenergetika, 12. do 14. maj 2009, Maribor, Slovenija.Zbornik. Maribor: Fakulteta za elektrotehniko, računalništvoin informatiko.Zertifizierung von Verglasungen, Passivhaus Institut Darmstadtwww.passiv.de, .Ur.l. RS 42 (2002): Pravilnik o toplotni zaščiti in učinkoviti rabienergije v stavbah.Ur.l. RS, 52 (2010): Pravilnik o učinkoviti rabi energije v stavbah.Ur.l. SFRJ 10 (1987): JUS U.J5.600 Toplotna tehnika v gradbeništvu,Tehnične zahteve za projektiranje in gradnjo stavb.prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnikmartina.zbasnik@fa.uni-lj.siUL Fakulteta za arhitekturoprof. dr. Andrej Senegačnikandrej.senegacnik@fs.uni-lj.siUL Fakulteta za strojništvo46
Alexander G. KeulVrednotenje večnadstropnih avstrijskihpasivnih stanovanjskih zgradb po vselitviPOST-OCCUPANCY EVALUATION OF MULTISTOREY AUSTRIAN PASSIVEHOUSING PROPERTIES2010/2 ARUDK 728.2: 620.92 (436)COBISS 1.02prejeto 23. 9. 2010izvlečekV okoliščinah podnebnih sprememb je trajnostna stanovanjskagradnja postala politični program. Ključno vprašanjepri uresničevanju koncepta trajnostne gradnje v primerupasivnih stanovanjskih hiš je, kako uporabniki takšne hišesprejemajo. Vrednotenje po vselitvi je raziskovalna tehnika,ki nudi reprezentativna mnenja uporabnikov glede inovacij vstanovanjski gradnji.Članek razčlenjuje vrsto VPV-jev iz obdobja 2007-2008, kizadevajo prve komplekse pasivnih stanovanjskih hiš v Avstriji.Na anketo v pisni obliki je odgovorilo 324stanovalcev. Nata način so bili zbrani socio-demografski podatki v zveziz zadovoljstvom, kakovostjo stanovanjskega objekta,motiviranostjo za varčevanje z energijo, problemi z ogrevanjemin prezračevanjem in drugimi vidiki. Ob tem je bil predmetpreučevanja tudi 244 običajnih stanovanjskih enot na Dunajuin v Salzburgu (kontrolna skupina). Trije dunajski projektiPSH so bili višjega bivanjskega standarda, šlo je namreč zaenodružinske stanovanjske hiše. Manj kot 50% se jih je odločiloza stanovanje zato, ker je bilo v pasivni stanovanjski hiši. Ponekajmesečni izkušnji je 75-85% pasivna hiša postala všeč.ključne besedepasivne stanovanjske hiše, vrednotenje po vselitvi, potrebeuporabnikov, informacije o uporabniku, AvstrijaabstractUnder climate change conditions, sustainable housing hasbecome a political agenda. A key issue for the implementationof sustainable building concepts like passive housing istheir user acceptance. Post-occupancy evaluation, providesrepresentative user opinions about housing innovations.The article analyzes a 2007-2008 POE series about the firstmultistorey passive housing complexes at Austria, eightproperties in Vienna and Salzburg City with 577 housingunits. A written user survey, answered by 324, collectedsociodemographic data on well-being, housing quality criteria,motivation to save energy, information on versus problemswith heating and ventilation system. A control group of 244conventional housing units was studied parallel.Three Vienna PH projects were on a high level of well-beinglike detached single housing. Less than 50% had chosen theirflat because it was passive housing. After several months ofexperience, 75-85% liked PH. Handling problems with the PHtechnology were reported especially in the first time periodafter moving in. The main issue of successful PH identificationwas the repeated dialogue with management and technicians.key wordsPassive housing, Post-occupancy evaluation, user needs, userinformation, AustriaSocial Design and its evaluation methods of UNA (user needanalysis, before planning) and POE (post-occupancy evaluation,after construction), have a history of 30 years [Sommer, 1983;Marans, Spreckelmeyer, 1981; Preiser, Rabinowitz, White, 1988;Zimring, 2002; Preiser, Vischer, 2005], and led to internationalbuilding studies, mostly in the Angloamerican world (USA,Canada, Australia, New Zealand, UK). European researcherswere involved in the foundation of Architectural Psychology[Canter, 1970; Kueller, 1973], but evaluations remainedexperimental projects in Europe [e.g. review by Walden, 2008].With social reactions to the climate change situation, sustainablehousing became a political agenda. A key issue for the successfulimplementation of sustainable building concepts will be the useracceptance of new technologies like Passive Housing (PH).Austrian POE pilot studies were started by psychologists andsociologists in the seventies [e.g. Guttmann, Maderthaner, 1974].Reinhard Gieselmann, architect and professor for housing at theVienna University of Technology, asked the author for a firstPOE in Vienna social housing in 1989. This led to a permanentcooperation with the institution which in 2004 hosted IAPS18[Martens, Keul, 2005].In 2000, the state-supported Austrian research focus „Buildingof Tomorrow“ and the Salzburg Chamber of Labour ordered aPOE comparing four sustainable and four conventional housingprojects –one a PH prototype– at Salzburg City [Keul, 2000a,2000b].Passive Housing (PH) and POESustainable building and living has a high ecological impact.Heating is the dominant factor of the energy costs for anaverage household. The German engineer Wolfgang Feistand his colleagues developed the European Passive House(Passivhaus, PH) standard of sustainable building quality [Feist,1992]. Using a combination of optimum wall, roof and windowinsulation, solar building orientation and a ventilation systemwith heat recovery by heat exchange, it was possible to realizean energy demand level of 15 kWh/sqm/year. The first GermanPassive House 1991 gives room to four families at Darmstadt-Kranichstein, Hessen, Germany, and passed a POE [Rohrmann,1994]. Further PH POE was done especially at Hessen, Germany[e.g. Flade, 1997].Feist’s research institute also paid attention to user behavior asa moderator variable [Passive House Institute, 1997]. However,at the low demand level around 15 kWh/sqm/year - comparedto over 200 kWh/sqm/year in conventional housing -, userperformance (heating, ventilation behavior) modifies PH energyefficiency to a lesser extent.Austrian POE, first regarded as expensive prototype, gainedimportance when Passive Housing entered the mass market. Aftera test phase with mostly detached PH, the first multistorey PHproperties at Vienna (Muehlweg, Utendorfgasse, Roschegasse,Dreherstrasse, Kammelweg B & E) and Salzburg (Samer Moesl,Franz Ofner Strasse) with 577 housing units were occupiedin 2006 and 2007. For the building industry and politics, lowenergymass housing is a chance to cut costs in accordance withthe Kyoto Protocol, but also a risk to lose credibility and investedmoney in case of failing technology and user acceptance. Thisgenuine innovation risk led to a revival of housing research andPOE.Project descriptionsPH project Vienna-Muehlweg (Figure 1a):In the northern47
Page 2 and 3: ARArhitektura, raziskaveArchitectur
Page 4 and 5: 2010/2 ARVsebina / ContentsUvodnik
Page 6 and 7: 2010/2 ARvrtenja. Posebej zanimive
Page 8 and 9: 2010/2 ARstill alive. In the articl
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Page 12 and 13: 2010/2 ARV spomin / In memoriam
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Page 18 and 19: AR 2010/2Igor TošAntropologija in
Page 28 and 29: AR 2010/2Beatriz Tomšič ČerkezAr
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Page 46 and 47: AR 2010/2Martina Zbašnik-Senegačn
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Page 52 and 53: AR 2010/2Alexander G. KeulVrednoten
Page 58 and 59: AR 2010/2Larisa BrojanEkološke in
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Page 62 and 63: AR 2010/2Larisa BrojanEkološke in
Page 64 and 65: AR 2010/2Biljana Arandjelović, Ana
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Page 68 and 69: AR 2010/2Saša KrajncAVTORSKA PRAVI
Page 76 and 77: AR 2010/2Peter MaroltSINERGIJA MISL
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