AR 2010/2 - Fakulteta za arhitekturo

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2010/2 ARvrtenja. Posebej zanimive so rešitve 'skupnih objektov', kijih v sistemih urbanizacije sicer poznamo, v vernakularniarhitekturi pa nastopajo le v najbolj ogroženih sredinah (vAlpah na primer). Srednjeveški zgodovinski viri poročajo,da so poleg samostanskih in cerkvenih vodnih mlinovobstajali tudi mlini v lasti vasi ali vaških okrožij. V bližnjipreteklosti je bilo ob rekah vzhodne Srbije mogoče najtimnogo primernih lokacij za vodne mline. Proti koncu turškevladavine in med obema vojnama je število prebivalstva povaseh naraščalo. Zaradi večjih potreb je bila tedaj zgrajenavečina vodnih mlinov, ki danes bolj ali manj propadajo.Zdi se, da je problematika zelo podobna naši: a pravarhitekti in šole za arhitekturo smo poklicani, da v odsotnostirezultatov za to postavljenih vladnih služb za varovanjekulturne, torej tudi arhitekturne dediščine, postavimosisteme inventariziranja, dokumentiranja, analiziranja,varovanja, obnove, prenove in oživljanja. Upam, da bomos skupnimi močmi (svetovne znanstvene in strokovneorganizacije kot je ICOMOS, Evropska unija, Slovenijain Srbija) lahko tudi tam kaj postorili. In prav v Slovenijiimamo na tem področju kar nekaj izkupšenj in rezultatov.Revija AR Arhitektura raziskave / Architecture Research jeod 2o1o dosegljiva tudi digitalno na DLib, kar ji širi bralstvoin predvsem dosegljivost na spletu. Kolegu docentu DomnuZupančiču pa gre zahvala, da je uspel uvrstiti revijo tudi naArchnet, ki na spletu teče v okviru prestižne ameriške univerzeMIT, Massachussets Institute of Technology. Tudi to jedosežek. Vseh nas.UrednikMlada pravnica, takoj po diplomi, Saša Krajnc, se jelotila zanimive problematike, ki se ji arhitekti vse premaloposvečamo: AVTORSKA PRAVICA KOT INSTRUMENTZAŠČITE ARHITEKTURNIH DEL. Avtorskopravnazaščita arhitekturnih del nedvomno spada med relativnoskopo obdelane tematike, še posebej v slovenskem prostoru.Iz redkih virov, ki se te materije večinoma le fragmentarnodotikajo, se težko znajdejo celo pravniki, kaj šele pravnesistematike nevajeni arhitekti. Prav slednji pa so tisti, ki jihdokaj nejasna ureditev avtorskih zaščit arhitekturnih delnajbolj prizadene.Morda se bomo iz članka kaj naučili, tudi arhitekti.Docent Peter Marolt spet razpleta problematiko daljnegavzhoda. Naslov članka je SINERGIJA MISLI, SLIKARSTVAIN OBLIKOVANJA PROSTORA NA DALJNEM VZHODU.Pravi, da je predmet preučevanja tisti del likovnega sveta vpovezavi z oblikovanjem prostora Daljnega vzhoda, kjer greza poudarjeno prepletanje in prehajanje med posameznimiumetniškimi zvrstmi ali načini izraza, ki imajo vsaj enoskupno točko in ta je, da je tovrstno ustvarjalno delovanjeposledica ponotranjenega načina življenja in spoštovanja(moči) narave.Kolikor je v tem uspel, presodite sami.Docentka dr Jasna Hrovatin je ob devetdesetletnici profesorjaNika Kralja napisala knjigo o njem. Kot poklon profesorju innjegovi visoki obletnici objavljamo kratko osvetlitev njegovegadela.V tokratni številki je tudi nekrolog žal prezgodaj umrlegakolega, profesorja Vojteha Ravnikarja, ki ga je pripravilnjegov kolega Jurij Kobe.Profesor Mario Perossa je s kolegom Igorjem Franičem dobilnajvišje hrvaško priznanje Viktor Kovačič, za 'najuspešnejšearhitektonsko stvaritev v letu 2o1o'. Vesel bi bil, če bi bilo takihobjav še več. Čestitam.2
AR 2010/2EditorialConsidering current technical and, especially, financial issues,I am glad this number is before you. There are quite a fewsuccesses to be mentioned, achieved both by the editorial boardand the Faculty of Architecture. But we will return to thislater. Let me begin with the current publication, which is anexceptionally varied issue.Our colleague Dr Igor Toš lays out the problems he has beendealing with, and which are highly significant, in fact, but solittle known and appreciated; although they involve experts suchas Nold Egenter (who gave lectures at several ALPE ADRIAcongresses in Slovenia and also contributed to AR), AmosRapaport, Paul Oliver from Oxford (who is also familiar withSlovenia because of the ALPE ADRIA congresses on vernaculararchitecture, as well as visits by Oxford University post-graduatestudents), and Professor Christian Lassure, as the representativeof CERAV in Paris. Problems regarding his area of research areaddressed by Dr Toš in the article titled ANTHROPOLOGYAND VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE AS SOURCESFOR UNDERSTANDING THE ANTHROPOGENICENVIRONMENT. The article looks into the actual structure ofanthropology, and the as yet insufficient development of the areaof the subject which deals with the relationship between peopleand the environment (particularly anthropogenic and spatialmaterial). The article presents the disciplines of architecturaland urban anthropology. It also analyses the significance ofinvestigating vernacular architecture, which is the right themefor the opening article.Architect and painter Dr Beatriz Tomšič Čerkez from SouthAmerica - but in terms of culture also involved in Balkanenvironments - contributes a number of interesting ideas tothe reflection on identity. The article, ARCHITECTUREBETWEEN BUILDING AND DESTROYING IDENTITY,opens a debate on the links between identity, tradition, andarchitectural heritage, and the meaning of specific interventionsin space, in order to understand which of these connectionshas the key role. In terms of theory, the debate arises fromrelationships between nations, nationalities and religiousaffiliations, but in practice it shows the problem by means ofthe examples of post-war reconstruction in the town of Stolac inBosnia and Herzegovina.A professor of architecture from Sarajevo, Dr VjekoslavaSanković Simčić, describes concrete examples of architecturalinterventions realised over the last few years. She bravely takesa professional stand in estimating the results of architecturein Bosnia and Herzegovina in her article INTEGRATINGTHE OLD AND NEW, in which she develops the idea thatthe integration of the old and new may be amply applied inthe process of protecting and revitalising cultural heritage. Sheclaims that the issue is as complex as the process of preservationand active protection itself. In the process of implementation,the axioms and tenets of the discipline of restoration need tobe observed. In cases when conservation and restoration workaimed at re-establishing the integrity of authentic values cannotbe carried out, a fresh intervention must reflect contemporarytechnical and technological achievements and means ofexpression. I repeat once again that the greatest value of thisarticle lies in the brave stand on the profession, and in the personviewing issues of the space with a critical eye.Professors Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik, an architect atour school, and Andrej Senegačnik, a mechanical engineer atthe Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the University ofLjubljana, together evaluate the fashionable energy-savingconstruction highly praised in the media. Taking a scholarlyapproach, with data and examples, they demonstrate that passivehouses are a matter of modernity, not a matter of fashionablestyle. Cheap publicity and advertising in the media unduly blurthis fact. This serious piece is appearing at the right moment, andits title is short: THE ADVANTAGES OF PASSIVE HOUSES.These are currently optimum energy-saving buildings. Becauseof quality thermal cladding, adequate air-tightness and a built-incontrolled ventilation system recovering the heat from waste air,its annual heating energy demand amounts to a maximum of 15kWh/(m2a), which can be met by so-called warm air heating.Passive houses have numerous advantages over the structures inwhich we live today and built yesterday.A professor from Austria, Dr Alexander G. Keul, analysesthe use of passive houses in a contribution entitled POST-OCCUPANCY EVALUATION (POE) OF EIGHT MULTI-STOREY AUSTRIAN PASSIVE HOUSING PROPERTIES.He primarily describes the results of questionaires completedby people who live in such buildings. Satisfaction grows overtime: it demonstrates the real value of this system. He claimsthat because of the shift in climate conditions, sustainablehousing construction will not only be on the professional andarchitectural agenda, but primarily the political. The key issueregarding the implementation of sustainable building conceptssuch as passive housing (PH) is their acceptance by users. Postoccupancyevaluation (POE), a research technique of SocialDesign, provides representative user opinions about housinginnovations. Given that in the neighbouring country this type ofconstruction has been under way for some time, the results areof interest to us, too.Within the framework of her doctoral study at our faculty, ayoung researcher, Larisa Brojan, found an interesting andchallenging theme: straw. In the article ECOLOGICAL ANDENERGY SAVING STRAW-BALE HOUSES she presents atheme which is not especially new, but points to quite a fewinteresting cues which might prompt the profitable use of thismaterial in the architecture of tomorrow. Straw-bale constructionacquires new dimensions at a time when environment friendlybuilding is being emphasised. For a long time it has been popularonly within a circle of people who wished to build and live inharmony with nature, but ever more frequently we may comeupon modern concepts of construction which envisage the useof straw-bales as an ordinary type of construction. Comparingthe energy requirements for manufacturing various buildingmaterials reveals that energy consumption in the manufactureof straw-bales is extremely low, which means that their usein construction results in a minimum carbon and ecologicalfootprint. Rather than emitting carbon, straw acts as a carbonsink. After a practical presentation and evidence supported byfigures, there will be an even more interesting follow-up to thearticle in the future.Assistant Professor Dr Biljana Arandjelović and architectAna Momčilović-Petronijević are from Serbia, where theyreveal the sad remnants of vernacular architecture which are3
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Page 4 and 5: 2010/2 ARVsebina / ContentsUvodnik
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Page 12 and 13: 2010/2 ARV spomin / In memoriam
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Page 16 and 17: 2010/2 ARČlanki / Articles
Page 18 and 19: AR 2010/2Igor TošAntropologija in
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AR 2010/2Alexander G. KeulVrednoten
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AR 2010/2Larisa BrojanEkološke in
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AR 2010/2Larisa BrojanEkološke in
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AR 2010/2Biljana Arandjelović, Ana
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AR 2010/2Biljana Arandjelović, Ana
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AR 2010/2Saša KrajncAVTORSKA PRAVI
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AR 2010/2Peter MaroltSINERGIJA MISL
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2010/2 ARNavodila avtorjem / Author
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AR 2010/2Author guidelinesBy submit
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