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Tab. 5 Average values and standard deviation (sd) of maturity parameters in the year 2001 and 2002
CL: L sd (N) (CL) M sd (N) (CL) H sd (N) (CL) Sign.(CL)
Year 2001
N60-FFF 8.3 ± 0.78 a a 8.1 ± 0.78 a b 7.5 ± 0.5 a c ***
N105-FFF 7.5 ± 0.7 b a 7.5 ± 0.54 a a 7.4 ± 1.1 a a *
Sign. (N) *** NS NS
N60-SDI 7.2 ± 1.34 a a 6.7 ± 1.3 b a 5.9 ± 1.6 b b **
N105-SDI 7.4 ± 0.9 a a 7.3 ± 1.07 a a 6.5 ± 1.2 a b *
Sign. (N) NS * **
N60-SS 13.1 ± 1.09 a a 13.1 ± 1.21 a a 12.6 ± 1.7 a b *
N105-SS 12.7 ± 1.21 a a 12.4 ± 0.59 b ab 12.1 ± 0.8 b b *
Sign. (N) NS * *
N60-SMI 0.09 ± 0.04 a b 0.09 ± 0.02 a b 0.1 ± 0. a a ***
N105-SMI 0.08 ± 0.02 a a 0.08 ± 0.01 b a 0.09 ± 0 a a NS
Sign. (N) NS * NS
N60-MA 6.53 ± 0.42 a a 5.76 ± 0.15 a b 4.93 ± 0.3 a c *
N105-MA 6.6 ± 1.12 a a 5.70 ± 0.75 a b 4.8 ± 0.5 a b *
Sign. (N)
Year 2002
NS NS NS
N60-FFF 7.4 ± 0.54 a a 7.3 ± 0.7 a a 6.8 ± 0.4 a b ***
N105-FFF 7.1 ± 0.57 b a 7.1 ± 0.56 b a 6.9 ± 0.7 b b *
Sign. (N) *** ** **
N60-SDI 5.7 ± 0.7 a a 4.6 ± 0.92 a b 5.0 ± 0.9 a b *
N105-SDI 5.2 ± 0.9 a a 4.9 ± 1.1 a b 4.9 ± 0.8 a b *
Sign. (N) NS NS NS
N60-SS 12.8 ± 0.81 a a 12.2 ± 0.61 a b 11.6 ± 0.3 a b **
N105-SS 12.7 ± 0.79 a a 11.8 ± 1 a b 11.8 ± 0.5 a b *
Sign. (N) NS NS NS
N60-SMI 0.101 ± 0.03 a a 0.13 ± a a a 0.117 ± a a NS
N-105SMI 1.107 ± 0.02 a a 0.12 ± a a a 0.119 ± a a NS
Sign. (N) NS NS NS NS **
N60-MA 7.7 ± 0.33 a a 6.4 ± 0.16 a b 5.9 ± 0.2 a b *
N105-MA 6.5 ± 0.1 b a 5.9 ± 0.17 a b 5.7 ± 0.1 a b *
Sign. (N) * NS NS
*** Significant at P ≤ 0.001: ** significant at P ≤ 0.01; * significant at P ≤ 0.05; NS: not significant
(CL): crop load influence (horizontal row); Sign. (CL): values in a horizontal row followed by a different letter are significantly different in the Duncan (0.05) test, influenced by crop
load; (N): nitrogen influence (vertical column); Sign. (N): values in column followed by a different letter are significantly different in the Duncan (0.05) test, influenced by nitrogen
rate; CL: crop load; L: low crop load; M: medium crop load; H: high crop load; N60: 60 kg N/ha; N105: 105 kg N/ha; FFF: fruit fresh firmness; SDI: starch degradation index; SS:
soluble solids; SMI: Streif maturity index; MA: malic acid
so the results are shown separately according to nitrogen
fertilization. In fruits from less fertilized trees (N60) (Tab. 4)
and all crop loads a positive correlation between starch degradation
index and fruit flesh firmness was established.
Positive correlations between soluble solids content in fruit
and the chromometric parameters L* and b*, between fruit
mass and the chromometric parameter a* and between the
two chromometric parameters L* and b* were found. In
fruits from more heavily fertilized trees these correlations
could not be found.
Crop load had also an effect on correlations between fruit
quality parameters (Tab. 8), we noticed, that in trees with
a low crop load mainly positive correlations between fruit
mass, coloration and soluble solids are observed. In the case
of heavier nitrogen fertilization (N105) and low crop load,
the main positive correlation was between average fruit
mass and individual chromometric parameters. At medium
crop load and lower nitrogen rate (N60) a positive correlation
between starch degradation and fruit flesh firmness
was found. Also a positive correlation between soluble solids
and colour, as mentioned by Vestrheim (1970), Awand
(2001) and others was confirmed.
132 ı Originalarbeiten Deutsche Lebensmittel-Rundschau ı 104. Jahrgang, Heft 3, 2008