stahl + eisen 05-06/2020 (Leseprobe)

e useful in the production of heavy
plates with the unique combinations of
the chemical composition and mechanical
properties which are in demand
on the market.
This article aims to describe the specifics
of the chemical composition, manufacturing
process, microstructural
condition and mechanical properties of
pilot batches of heavy plates up to 100
mm in thickness made of the S420M/ML
structural steel produced by thermomechanical
processing with accelerated
cooling at the NLMK DanSteel Mill Quarto
4200.
Standard and Project
Requirements
It seems advisable to split the requirements
to the EN 10025-4:2019 S420M/ML
structural steel into three complexity
classes. The first and simplest class shall
include the EN 10025 basic requirements
to the chemical composition and basic
mechanical properties. The second class
shall include customer requirements for
lower content of chemical elements in
steel. Most sought-after restrictions are
restrictions to the maximum permissible
content of Carbon (e.g. not more than
0.06%), Manganese (not more than
1.40%), Silicon (not more than 0.25%)
and Niobium and Vanadium (not more
than 0.030% in total). The carbon equivalents
CEQ ≤ 0.34% and Pcm ≤ 0.16%
may be restricted additionally.
The third class includes project requirements
with additional restrictions to
the chemical composition and mechanical
properties of the base metal and/
or welded joint. The regulatory requirements
to the S420ML heavy plates and
additional cumulative project requirements
in offshore wind power and
bridge construction industries are
shown as an example in Tables 1 and 2.
It should be noted that project requirements
are individual and vary depending
on the purpose, economics, specifics
of the steel structure manufacturing
process, its elements, etc.
S420ML heavy plate steel 64 - 100 mm
Table
Table
Requirements 1.
1.
The
The
EN
EN
10025-4:2019
10025-4:2019 requirements to the basic chemical elements of the S420ML heavy plate steel 60–
to the basic requirements chemical to the basic elements chemical elements of the S420ML heavy plate steel 60–
100
100
mm
mm
in
in
thickness
thickness
and
and
additional
additional
project
project
requirements
requirements
C Mn Si Nb V Ti Mo CEQ Pcm
Requirements C Mn Si Nb V Ti Mo CEQ Pcm
Requirements
Max or within, %
Max or within, %
Table EN 10025-4 1. The EN 10025-4:2019 1 0.16 1.70 requirements 0.50 to the 0.050 basic chemical 0.12 elements 0.05 of the S420ML 0.20 heavy 0.47 plate steel - 60–
Table EN 10025-4 1. The EN 1 10025-4:2019 0.16 1.70 requirements 0.50 to the 0.050 basic chemical 0.12 elements 0.05 of the S420ML 0.20 heavy 0.47 plate steel - 60–
100 Additional mm in thickness and additional project requirements
100 Additional mm in thickness and additional project requirements
project 0.06 1.40 0.25 0.030 0.030 0.020 0.01 0.34 0.16
project 0.06 1.40 0.25 0.030 0.030 0.020 0.01 0.34 0.16
requirements
requirements 2
2 C Mn Si Nb V Ti Mo CEQ Pcm
Requirements C Mn Si Nb V Ti Mo CEQ Pcm
Requirements
1
Cr max 0.30%; Ni max 0.80%; Cu max 0.55%; N max 0.025%; 2 1
Requirements Max or within, to the Cr, % Ni, Cu, N min/max content are variable.
Cr max 0.30%; Ni max 0.80%; Cu max 0.55%; N max 0.025%; 2 Requirements Max or within, to the Cr, % Ni, Cu, N min/max content are variable.
EN 10025-4 1 0.16 1.70 0.50 0.050 0.12 0.05 0.20 0.47 -
EN 10025-4 1 0.16 1.70 0.50 0.050 0.12 0.05 0.20 0.47 -
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question: project What is shown 0.06 in this 1.40 table? 0.25 0.030 0.030 0.020 0.01 0.34 0.16
heavy requirements plates 2
requirements
could vary a lot compare to standard requirements and depends on
2
1
Cr max 0.30%; Ni max 0.80%; Cu max 0.55%; N max 0.025%;
the (Tabelle purpose, – mit Headline economics, und Subheadline specifics sowie of Text the unter 2 Requirements to the Cr, Ni, Cu, N min/max content are variable.
1
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Requirements
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Additional project requirements
S420ML Indicatorheavy unit
EN der 10025-4 Tabelle)
Additional project requirements
Requirements Indicator
the mechanical properties unit plate steel 64 - 100 mm
Requirements to the mechanical properties 64–80 mm 81–100 mm 64–80 mm 81–100 mm
64–80 mm 81–100 mm 64–80 mm 81–100 mm
Table 2.
Table Yield The EN strength, 10025-4:2019 ReH requirements MPa to the ≥ mechanical 380 properties ≥ 370 of the S420ML heavy ≥ 420 plate steel 64–100
Requirements 2. Yield The EN strength, 10025-4:2019 ReH to the requirements mechanical MPa to the ≥ mechanical properties
380 properties ≥ 370 of the S420ML heavy ≥ 420 plate steel 64–100
mm in thickness
mm in thickness Tensile and strength, and additional
additional Rm project requirements
project requirements
MPa 480–640 470–630 520–640 520–630
Tensile strength, Rm MPa 480–640 470–630 520–640 520–630
Percentage elongation, A200 % ≥ 19 ≥ 22
Percentage elongation, A200 % ≥ 19 ≥ 22
ReH / Rm ratio -
EN 10025-4
-
Additional project
≤ 0.89
requirements
ReH Indicator / Rm ratio - unit
EN 10025-4 - Additional project ≤ 0.89 requirements
Impact energy
Indicator
in L direction in ¼
unit
J
64–80 mm
47 / 31 / 27
81–100
/ -
mm 64–80 100 mm / 100 / 100
81–100
/ 80
mm
Impact energy in L direction in ¼ J 64–80 mm 47 / 31 / 27 81–100 / - mm 64–80 100 mm / 100 / 10081–100 / 80 mm
KV-20 Yield / KV-40 strength, / KV-50 ReH / KV-60 MPa ≥ 380 ≥ 370 ≥ 420
KV-20 Yield / KV-40 strength, / KV-50 ReH / KV-60 MPa ≥ 380 ≥ 370 ≥ 420
Impact Tensile energy strength, in T direction Rm in ¼ MPa J 480–640 27 / 20 / 16470–630 / - 520–640 100 / 100 / 100520–630
/ 80
Impact Tensile energy strength, in T direction Rm in ¼ MPa J 480–640 27 / 20 / 16470–630 / - 520–640 100 / 100 / 100520–630
/ 80
KV-20 Percentage / KV-40 elongation, / KV-50 / A200 KV-60 % ≥ 19 ≥ 22
KV-20 Percentage / KV-40 elongation, / KV-50 / A200 KV-60 % ≥ 19 ≥ 22
Impact energy ReH / Rm in L ratio direction in ½ - J - 80 / 80 ≤ 0.89 / 80 / 60
Impact energy ReH / Rm in L ratio direction in ½ - J - 80 / 80 ≤ 0.89 / 80 / 60
Impact KV-20 / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 L direction / KV-60 in ¼ J 47 / 31 / 27 / - 100 / 100 / 100 / 80
Impact KV-20 / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 L direction / KV-60 in ¼ J 47 / 31 / 27 / - 100 / 100 / 100 / 80
KV-20 Impact / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 T direction / KV-60
KV-20
in ½ J - 80 / 80 / 80 / 60
Impact / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 T direction / KV-60 in ½ J - 80 / 80 / 80 / 60
Impact KV-20 / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 T direction / KV-60 in ¼ J 27 / 20 / 16 / - 100 / 100 / 100 / 80
Impact KV-20 / energy KV-40 in / KV-50 T direction / KV-60 in ¼ J 27 / 20 / 16 / - 100 / 100 / 100 / 80
Description: KV-20 / KV-40 ¼ - quarter / KV-50 of plate / KV-60 thickness; ½ - mid thickness of plate
Description: KV-20 / KV-40 ¼ - quarter / KV-50 of plate / KV-60 thickness; ½ - mid thickness of plate
Impact energy in L direction in ½ J - 80 / 80 / 80 / 60
Impact energy in L direction in ½ J - 80 / 80 / 80 / 60
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Description: ¼ - quarter of plate thickness; ½ - mid thickness of plate
Description: ¼ - quarter of plate thickness; ½ - mid thickness of plate
Examples
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of
of
applications
applications
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steel
grades
grades
are
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(or
(or
could
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be
be
used).
used).
The
The
most
most
advanced
advanced
steel heavy plates could be much more advanced compare to standard requirements
applications
applications
are
are
related
related
to
to
structural
structural
offshore
offshore
and
and
bridge
bridge
building
building
segments.
segments.
For
For
example,
example,
transition
transition
pieces
pieces
(Figure
(Figure
of EN 10025-4 both in strength and in low temperature toughness.
1a)
1a)
of
of
monopiles,
monopiles, which at present time are the most advanced type of foundation for the construction of offshore
wind turbines
Examples
which
are
of
commonly
applications
at present time are the most advanced type of foundation for the construction of offshore
wind turbines Examples are of commonly applications manufactured from 50 – 100 mm thick heavy plates. Transition pieces are needed in
order to
There
connect
are many
the towers
different
manufactured
of the
common
from
offshore
and
wind
special
50 – 100
turbines
applications,
mm thick heavy
with the
where
plates.
respective
heavy
Transition
monopile.
plate products
pieces
Made up
60
are
of
to
a
100
needed
steel
mm
in
pipe
in
order to There connect are many the towers different of the common offshore and wind special turbines applications, with the where respective heavy monopile. plate products Made up 60 of to a 100 steel mm pipe in
thickness
construction,
from
the
S420M
primary
and
steel
S420ML
part, as
structural
well as secondary
steel grades
steel
are
elements
used (or
like
could
platforms,
be used).
ladders
The
or
most
boat
advanced
thickness construction, from the S420M primary and steel S420ML part, as structural well as secondary steel grades steel are landing
Examples of applications
vanced elements used (or
type like could platforms, be used).
of foundation ladders The or most
for boat advanced
the landing
applications construction
type
systems, transition
are related
pieces
to structural
are essential
offshore
construction
and bridge
components
building segments.
of offshore
For
wind
example,
turbines.
transition
Components
pieces
of
(Figure
applications systems, transition are related pieces to structural are essential offshore construction and bridge components building segments. of offshore For wind example, turbines. transition Components pieces of (Figure such
such
1a)
offshore
of monopiles,
construction
which
elements
at present
like
time
high-load
are the
spreader
most advanced
bars, pile followers,
of foundation of crane offshore pedestals
for the wind construction
(Figure turbines 1c),
of
spud
offshore
1a) poles, are
offshore monopiles, construction which elements at present like time high-load are the spreader most advanced bars, pile type followers, of foundation crane pedestals for the construction (Figure 1c), of spud offshore poles,
There
wind
thick-walled are
turbines
many tubular
are commonly
different sections,
manufactured
thick-walled tubular sections, dead
dead common weight
weight
support
support
from
and
50
caissons
caissons
– 100 mm
(Figure commonly (Figure
thick
1d)
1d)
heavy
are
are
plates.
also manufactured also
produced
produced
Transition
from
from
pieces
thick from thick
are
heavy
heavy 50
needed
plate – plate 100
in
wind turbines are commonly manufactured from 50 – 100 mm thick heavy plates. Transition pieces are needed in
order
special products.
products.
to connect
applications, Even
Even
for
for
the
more
more
towers
traditional
traditional
of the offshore
where heavy wind
structures
structures
turbines
plate like
like
with
jackets
jackets
the
mm and
and
respective
thick rigs,
rigs,
a heavy a
change
change
monopile.
to plates. to
higher
higher
Made
strength Transition strength
up of a
grades
grades
steel pipe
order to connect the towers of the offshore wind turbines with the respective monopile. Made up of a steel pipe can pieces
these elements
can
construction,
be advantageous
the
due
primary
to lower
steel
weight
part, as
and
well
better
as
weldability
secondary steel
of these
elements
grades.
like
Examples
platforms,
of special
ladders
application
or boat landing
could
products
construction, be advantageous 60
the
to due primary
100 to lower steel
mm weight part,
in
as and thickness
well better as weldability secondary steel of are grades. needed
like Examples platforms,
in of order special ladders
to application or
connect
boat landing could
systems, the
systems, be
be
centric
centric
transition
transition and
and
eccentric
eccentric
pieces
pieces cones
cones
are
are (Figure essential (Figure
essential
1b)
1b)
construction
construction with
with
various
various
components
components aperture
aperture
angles
angles
of offshore
of offshore and
and
special
special
wind
wind edge
edge
turbines.
turbines. processing,
processing,
Components
Components such
such
as
as
crimped of crimped
of such
such
from offshore
edges, S420M which
construction
are and used
elements
to S420ML strength
like
construction
high-load structural spreader
including
bars,
ice protection
pile towers followers,
function. of crane the pedestals offshore (Figure wind 1c), spud turbines poles,
offshore edges, which construction are used elements to strength like construction high-load spreader including bars, ice protection pile followers, function. crane pedestals (Figure 1c), spud poles,
steel thick-walled
thick-walled grades tubular
tubular are used sections,
sections, (or dead
dead could weight
weight be support
support used). caissons (Figure
caissons (Figure with 1d) the 1d) are
are respective also produced
also produced monopile. from thick heavy
from thick heavy Made plate
plate up
products. Even for more traditional offshore structures like jackets and rigs, a change to higher strength grades can
The products. most Even advanced for more traditional applications offshore are structures related
be advantageous to structural due to lower offshore weight and better bridge weldability of steel these grades. part, Examples as well of special as secondary application could
like jackets of a and steel rigs, pipe a change construction, to higher strength the grades primary can
be advantageous due to lower weight and better weldability of these grades. Examples of special application could
be centric and eccentric cones (Figure 1b) with various aperture angles and special edge processing, such as crimped steel
be centric and eccentric cones (Figure 1b) with various aperture angles and special edge processing, such as crimped
building edges, which segments. are used to For strength example, construction transition
pieces (Figure 1a) of monopiles, landing systems, transition pieces are
including ice protection elements function. like platforms, ladders or boat
edges, which are used to strength construction including ice protection function.
which at present time are the most ad-
essential construction components of
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