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158 Chapter V: References Kang, J.H. and Lee, M.S., 2005. Characterization of bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecium GM–1 isolated from an infant. J. Appl. Microbiol. 98: 1169–1176. Katla, A.K., Kruse, H., Johnsen, G., and Herikstad, H., 2001. Antimicrobial susceptibility of starter culture bacteria used in Norwegian dairy products. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 67: 147-152. Kaur, I.P., Chopra, K. and Saini, A., 2002. Probiotics: potential pharmaceutical applications. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 15: 1-9. Kerneis, S., Chauviere, G., Darfeuille-Michaud, A., Aubel, D., Coconnier, M.H., Joly, B. and Servin, A.L., 1992. Expression of receptors for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli during enterocytic differentiation of human polarized intestinal epithelial cells in culture. Infect. Immun. 60: 2572-2580. Klaenhammer, T. R,. 1988. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria. Biochimie. 70: 337-349. Klaenhammer, T. R. 1993. Genetics of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Letts. 116: 333-340. Klaenhammer, T.R. and Kullen, M.J., 1999. Selection and design of probiotics. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 50: 45-57. Klein, G., 2003. Taxonomy, ecology and antibiotic resistance of enterococci from food and the gastro-intestinal tract. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 88: 123-131. Klein, G., Pack, A., Bonaparte, C., and Reuter, G., 1998. Taxonomy and physiology of probiotic lactic acid bacteria. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 41: 103-125. Knoetze, H., Todorov, S. D. and Dicks, L. M. T. 2008. A class IIa peptide from Enterococcus mundtii inhibits bacteria associated with otitis media. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 31: 228-235. Kociubinski, G., Perez, P., and De Antoni, G., 1999. Screening of bile resistance and bile precipitation in lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. J. Food Prot. 62: 905-912.
159 Chapter V: References Kolenbrander, P.E., 1995. Coaggregations among oral bacteria. Methods Enzymol. 253: 385-397. Komitopulou, E., Boziris, I.S., Davies, E.A., Delves-Broughton, J., and Adams, M.R., 1999. Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in fruit juices and its control by nisin. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 34: 81-85. Konings, W. N., Poolman, B., and Driessen, A. J. M., 1989. Bioenergetics and solute transport in lactococci. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 16:419–476. Kos, B., Suskovic, J., Vuskovic, S., Simpraga, J., Frece, J., and Mastosic, S., 2003. Adhesion and aggregation ability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus M92. J. Appl. Microbiol. 94: 981-987. L. casei subsp. rhamnosus Hansen 1968. Hansen, P.A. 1968. A report by the Taxonomic Subcommittee on Lactobacilli and Closely Related Organisms. American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland,p.76.Typestrain:ATCC 7469 Description: Bergey 8 Lammers, K.M., Helwig, U., Swennen, E., Rizzello, F., Venturi, A., Caramelli, E., Kamm, M.A., Brigidi, P., Gionchetti, P. and Campieri, M., 2002. Effect of probiotic strains on interleukin 8 production by HT29/19A cells. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 97: 1182- 1186. Lankaputhra, W. E. V. and Shah, N. P., 1998. Antimutagenic properties of probiotic bacteria and of organic acids. Mutat. Res. 397: 169-182. Laroia, S. and Martin, J. H., 1991. Methods for enumerating and propagating bifidobacteria. Cult. Dairy Prod. J. 26: 32-33. Lee, S.K., T. Il Kim, Y.K. Kim, C.H. Choi, K.M. Yang, B. Chae and Kim, W.H., 2005. Cellular differentiation-induced attenuation of LPS response in HT-29 cells is related to the down-regulation of TLR4 expression. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 337: 457- 463.
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Characterization of Lactobacilli is
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their encouragement, insightful com
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5. Mukesh Kumar and Abhijit Ganguli
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2.3.2.9 Cholesterol lowering 2.3.2.
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3.12.4 Measurement of intracellular
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List of Abbreviations ABTS 2,2-azin
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LIST OF TABLES Tables Page No. Tabl
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
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2 Chapter I: Introduction Recent re
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4 Chapter I: Introduction Gram-posi
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6 Chapter I: Introduction food-born
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8 Chapter I: Introduction beneficia
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Chapter I1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
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Chapter II Review of Literature nee
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13 Chapter II Review of Literature
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Fig. 2.1 Postulated mechanisms of a
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Chapter II Review of Literature 200
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2.4.1 Mode of action 43 Chapter II
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Chapter II1 MATERIALS & METHODS
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50 Chapter III Material and methods
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3.7 Characterization of probiotic p
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3.10.5 Purification of the bacterio
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4.1 Isolation of Lactobacilli IV. R
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Chapter IV: Results Table 4.1: Morp
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77 Chapter IV: Results 4.3 Survival
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79 Chapter IV: Results Fig. 4.1 (C)
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4.6 Molecular characterization of t
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4.6.1 Sequence alignment of Lactoba
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85 Chapter IV: Results has probioti
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87 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.8 Al
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89 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.10 A
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91 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.12 A
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4.7.2 Survival of Lactobacillus str
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4.7.4 Antagonistic activity against
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97 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.17 H
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Table 4.19 Adhesion of potential pr
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Table 4.20 Coaggregation a of poten
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103 Chapter IV: Results Fig. 4.6 Ad
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105 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.21
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Page 171 and 172: 151 Chapter V: References Delves-Br
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Page 183 and 184: 163 Chapter V: References Nagy, A.,
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Page 189 and 190: 169 Chapter V: References Teuber, M
Page 191 and 192: 171 Chapter V: References Yoon, Y.C
Page 193 and 194: Rogosa agar Ingredients Quantity (g
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